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Jared Vasil; Dayna Price; Michael Tomasello – Child Development, 2024
The current study investigated whether age-related changes in the conceptualization of social groups influences interpretation of the pronoun we. Sixty-four 2- and 4-year-olds (N = 29 female, 50 White-identifying) viewed scenarios in which it was ambiguous how many puppets performed an activity together. When asked who performed the activity, a…
Descriptors: Child Development, Preschool Children, Age Differences, Morphemes
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Osborne, Kimberly R.; Walsdorf, Ashley A.; Smith-Bynum, Mia A.; Redig, Samantha; Brinkley, Dawn; Owen, Margaret Tresch; Caughy, Margaret O'Brien – Child Development, 2023
Guided by the Theory of Racial Socialization in Action (TRSA; Smith-Bynum in press), this study examined observed caregiver-provided ethnic-racial socialization in response to a school-based discriminatory dilemma. Forty-five Black and 36 Latinx caregivers (88% mothers) with low-income and their children (M[subscript age] = 11.09, SD = 0.29; 46.3%…
Descriptors: Racism, Socialization, Racial Relations, Learner Engagement
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Fish, Lesenia R.; Hildebrand, Lindsey; Chernyak, Nadia; Cordes, Sara – Child Development, 2023
Games are frequently used to promote math learning, yet the competitive and collaborative contexts introduced by games may exacerbate gender differences. In this study, 1st and 2nd grade children in the U.S. (ages 5-8; N = 274; 70% White, 15% Asian, 2% Black, 1% Native American, 14% mixed or other race; 17% Hispanic) played either a competitive,…
Descriptors: Mathematics Achievement, Mathematics Education, Competition, Cooperative Learning