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Smetana, Judith G.; Metzger, Aaron; Campione-Barr, Nicole – Child Development, 2004
Five-year longitudinal patterns and the influence of developmental transitions on 76 middle-class African American late adolescents' (M18.43 years) relationships with parents were examined. Late adolescents were closer to mothers than to fathers. Controlling for age, late adolescent females who had left home reported less negative relationships…
Descriptors: Late Adolescents, Mothers, Fathers, Parent Child Relationship

Allen, Joseph P.; McElhaney, Kathleen Boykin; Land, Deborah J.; Kuperminc, Gabriel P.; Moore, Cynthia W.; O'Beirne-Kelly, Healther; Kilmer, Sarah Liebman – Child Development, 2003
This study examined ways in which adolescent attachment security is manifest in qualities of the secure base provided by mother-adolescent relationships among at-risk ninth- and tenth-graders. Findings suggest that security is closely connected to the mother-adolescent relationship via a secure-base phenomenon, in which the teen can explore…
Descriptors: Adolescent Development, Adolescents, Attachment Behavior, High Risk Students

Hock, Ellen; Eberly, Mary; Bartle-Haring, Suzanne; Ellwanger, Pamela; Widaman, Keith F. – Child Development, 2001
Developed and validated Parents of Adolescents Separation Anxiety Scale with parents of sixth, eighth, tenth, and twelfth graders, and college freshmen and seniors. Factor analyses supported two subscales: Anxiety about Adolescent Distancing (AAD) and Comfort with Secure Base Role (CSBR); both showed distinctive change patterns with child age.…
Descriptors: Adolescent Development, Adolescents, Age Differences, Attachment Behavior