Mothers of firstborn infants were videotaped playing with a six-month-old infant with sex-appropriate or cross-sex clothes and names. Toy choice and interaction styles varied with the perceived sex of the child. (BD)

Facial expressions used by children defending their possession of a disputed object were studied in 72 pairs of kindergarten children. Results showed a relationship between the facial expressions a child used and both his own subsequent behavior and that of his partner. (Author/JMB)

The effects of an observer's presence on maternal interactive behavior were examined through observation of mother-child pairs under informed and uninformed conditions. Results indicate mothers played with their children more, were more positive in their verbal behavior, and structured their children's activities more during the informed than…

Compares a female caregiver's interactions with children characterized as Type A, impatient and competitive, to her interactions with children who are characterized as patient and non-competitive, Type B. The effects of the caregiver's behavior patterns (Type A or B) on the interaction process are also analyzed. (JMB)

Results indicating that adult males direct more praise, verbal help, and other forms of positive attention to responsive than to unresponsive children are contrasted with results obtained in a previous study of the reactions of women subjects. (Author/JMB)

Examined the effects of labeling an infant as a boy or girl on adult-infant interactions. Subjects for the study were 24 fourteen-month-old infants and 24 adult strangers. (JMB)

Acting on the premise that she was teaching her son a task, each of 30 mothers selected consequences for her child's errors. In actuality, feedback to the mother regarding her son's performance was experimentally manipulated. Results showed that differential conditioning of both high and low maternal punitiveness could be achieved by using the…

Observations were made to determine: (1) how important to 2-year-olds is face-to-face contact with the mother, and (2) if attachment behaviors, such as looking at, talking to, and being close to mothers, interact with visual behaviors. (Author/CS)

It was suggested that working-class mothers less frequently believed that their infants were capable of communicating with other people, and hence felt it was futile to attempt to interact with them verbally. (Authors)