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Mancilla-Martinez, Jeannette; Lesaux, Nonie K. – Child Development, 2011
This longitudinal study modeled growth rates, from ages 4.5 to 11, in English and Spanish oral language and word reading skills among 173 Spanish-speaking children from low-income households. Individual growth modeling was employed using scores from standardized measures of word reading, expressive vocabulary, and verbal short-term language…
Descriptors: Oral Language, National Norms, Reading Skills, Language Skills