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Zhenliang Wang; Wan Ding; Ruibo Xie; Xinchun Wu; Shiqing Wenren; Yue Xia – Child Development, 2025
Theoretical work has suggested close associations between morphological awareness (MA) and reading skills in Chinese; however, the nature and direction of these time-ordered links are little known. This study examined the interplays of MA and reading skills using a continuous-time modeling approach to three waves of two-year longitudinal data from…
Descriptors: Morphology (Languages), Reading Skills, Chinese, Longitudinal Studies
Malamut, Sarah T.; Trach, Jessica; Garandeau, Claire F.; Salmivalli, Christina – Child Development, 2023
Defending peers who have been bullied is often thought to put defenders at risk of becoming victimized themselves. The study investigated the concurrent and prospective associations between defending and (peer- and self-reported) victimization, and examined popularity and classroom norms as potential moderators. Participants included 4085 Finnish…
Descriptors: Peer Relationship, Victims, Advocacy, Correlation
Patrick W. C. Lau; Huiqi Song; Di Song; Jing-Jing Wang; Shanshan Zhen; Lei Shi; Rongjun Yu – Child Development, 2024
This cross-sectional study explored the relationship between 24-hour movement behaviors and executive function (EF) in preschool children. A total of 426 Han Chinese preschoolers (231 males; 3.8 ± 0.6 years old) from Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China were selected from October 2021 to December 2021. Accelerometers were used to measure physical…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Motion, Preschool Children, Physical Activity Level
Stephanie Plenty; Chaïm la Roi – Child Development, 2024
Research shows that peer relationships are associated with students' school adjustment. However, the importance of advantageous and disadvantageous factors for students' educational outcomes may vary by socioeconomic positioning. Drawing on sociometric and register data from a nationally representative sample of Swedish youth (n = 4996, girls 50%;…
Descriptors: Peer Acceptance, Rejection (Psychology), Outcomes of Education, Socioeconomic Status
Weiqiao Fan; Mengting Li – Child Development, 2025
This four-wave longitudinal study among 698 Chinese early adolescents explored (1) how personal identity coherence and confusion develop; and (2) whether parenting style and peer relationships (i.e., close friend relationships and peer preference) were related to personal identity development. Participants (M[subscript age] = 11.39 yrs.,…
Descriptors: Self Concept, Adolescent Development, Longitudinal Studies, Parenting Styles
Raufelder, Diana; Neumann, Nicola; Domin, Martin; Lorenz, Robert C.; Gleich, Tobias; Golde, Sabrina; Romund, Lydia; Beck, Anne; Hoferichter, Frances – Child Development, 2021
Students' sense of belonging presents an essential resource for academic and health outcomes, whereas social exclusion at school negatively impacts students' well-being and academic performance. Aiming to understand how feelings of school-related belonging and exclusion shape the "structural" brain development, this study applied…
Descriptors: Student School Relationship, Social Isolation, Brain, Adolescents
Rory T. Devine; Imogen Grumley Traynor; Luca Ronchi; Serena Lecce – Child Development, 2024
This study examined the link between classroom ethnic diversity, cross-ethnic friendships, and children's theory of mind. In total, 730 children in the United Kingdom (54.7% girls, 51.5% White) aged 8 to 13 years completed measures of theory of mind in 2019/2020. Controlling for verbal ability, executive function, peer social preference, and…
Descriptors: Child Development, Ethnic Groups, Theory of Mind, Student Diversity
Osterhaus, Christopher; Koerber, Susanne – Child Development, 2021
This 5-year longitudinal study investigated advanced theory-of-mind (AToM) development in 161 German 5- to 10-year-olds (89 females, 72 males). Core aspects of AToM developed nonlinearly, with children reaching a milestone at the age of 7 years, around when they attained the conceptual insight that mental states can be recursive. In late…
Descriptors: Theory of Mind, Social Cognition, Elementary School Students, Foreign Countries
Cortes Hidalgo, Andrea P.; Neumann, Alexander; Bakermans-Kranenburg, Marian J.; Jaddoe, Vincent W. V.; Rijlaarsdam, Jolien; Verhulst, Frank C.; White, Tonya; van IJzendoorn, Marinus H.; Tiemeier, Henning – Child Development, 2020
The evidence for negative influences of maternal stress during pregnancy on child cognition remains inconclusive. This study tested the association between maternal prenatal stress and child intelligence in 4,251 mother-child dyads from a multiethnic population-based cohort in the Netherlands. A latent factor of prenatal stress was constructed,…
Descriptors: Prenatal Influences, Mothers, Stress Variables, Pregnancy
Gooch, Debbie; Sears, Claire; Maydew, Harriet; Vamvakas, George; Norbury, Courtenay F. – Child Development, 2019
The causal role of speed of processing (SOP) in developmental language disorder (DLD) is unclear given that SOP has been implicated in other neurodevelopmental disorders such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. This study investigated associations between SOP, language, and inattention/hyperactivity in a U.K. epidemiological cohort…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Language Impairments, Developmental Disabilities, Correlation
Moulton, Vanessa; Goodman, Alissa; Nasim, Bilal; Ploubidis, George B.; Gambaro, Ludovica – Child Development, 2021
This article investigates the influence of wealth, a frequently neglected aspect of the economic circumstances of families, on children's development. Using the UK Millennium Cohort Study, it explores whether parental wealth (net total wealth, net housing wealth, net financial wealth, and house value) is associated with children's cognitive…
Descriptors: Family Financial Resources, Parent Child Relationship, Child Development, Economic Factors
Pan, Bin; Li, Tengfei; Ji, Linqin; Malamut, Sarah; Zhang, Wenxin; Salmivalli, Christina – Child Development, 2021
The present longitudinal study examined how and why classroom-level victimization moderates the prospective association between peer victimization and depressive symptoms with 2,643 third- and fourth-graders (M[subscript age] = 10.01 years) in China. Multilevel modeling revealed that peer victimization was more strongly associated with increasing…
Descriptors: Classroom Environment, Victims, Bullying, Peer Acceptance
Hoyer, Roxane S.; Elshafei, Hesham; Hemmerlin, Julie; Bouet, Romain; Bidet-Caulet, Aurélie – Child Development, 2021
Distractibility is the propensity to behaviorally react to irrelevant information. Although children are more distractible the younger they are, the precise contribution of attentional and motor components to distractibility and their developmental trajectories have not been characterized yet. We used a new behavioral paradigm to identify the…
Descriptors: Child Development, Psychomotor Skills, Motor Development, Attention Control
Harkness, Susan; Gregg, Paul; Fernández-Salgado, Mariña – Child Development, 2020
This article assessed changes in the association between single motherhood and children's verbal cognitive ability at age-11 using data from three cohorts of British children, born in 1958 (n = 10,675), 1970 (n = 8,933) and 2000 (n = 9,989), and mediation analysis. Consistent with previous studies, direct effects were small and insignificant. For…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, One Parent Family, Mothers, Verbal Ability
Stumm, Sophie; Rimfeld, Kaili; Dale, Philip S.; Plomin, Robert – Child Development, 2020
We compared the extent to which the long-term influence of family socioeconomic status (SES) on children's school performance from age 7 through 16 years was mediated by their preschool verbal and nonverbal ability. In 661 British children, who completed 17 researcher-administered ability tests at age 4.5 years, SES correlated more strongly with…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Socioeconomic Status, Verbal Ability, Academic Achievement