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Training Self-Other Distinction Facilitates Perspective Taking in Young Children
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Kampis, Dora; Lukowski Duplessy, Helle; Askitis, Dimitrios; Southgate, Victoria – Child Development, 2023
People sometimes commit 'egocentric errors', failing to ignore their own perspective when interpreting others' communication. Training imitation-inhibition, when participants perform the opposite action from another person, facilitates subsequent perspective-taking in adults. This study tested whether imitation-inhibition training also facilitates…
Descriptors: Perspective Taking, Imitation, Inhibition, Self Concept
Back to Basics: A Bilingual Advantage in Infant Visual Habituation
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Singh, Leher; Fu, Charlene S. L.; Rahman, Aishah A.; Hameed, Waseem B.; Sanmugam, Shamini; Agarwal, Pratibha; Jiang, Binyan; Chong, Yap Seng; Meaney, Michael J.; Rifkin-Graboi, Anne – Child Development, 2015
Comparisons of cognitive processing in monolinguals and bilinguals have revealed a bilingual advantage in inhibitory control. Recent studies have demonstrated advantages associated with exposure to two languages in infancy. However, the domain specificity and scope of the infant bilingual advantage in infancy remains unclear. In the present study,…
Descriptors: Infants, Child Development, Bilingualism, Monolingualism
Scaling of Advanced Theory-of-Mind Tasks
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Osterhaus, Christopher; Koerber, Susanne; Sodian, Beate – Child Development, 2016
Advanced theory-of-mind (AToM) development was investigated in three separate studies involving 82, 466, and 402 elementary school children (8-, 9-, and 10-year-olds). Rasch and factor analyses assessed whether common conceptual development underlies higher-order false-belief understanding, social understanding, emotion recognition, and…
Descriptors: Theory of Mind, Inhibition, Language Acquisition, Prediction
Training Preschoolers on First-Order False Belief Understanding: Transfer on Advanced ToM Skills and Metamemory
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Lecce, Serena; Bianco, Federica; Demicheli, Patrizia; Cavallini, Elena – Child Development, 2014
This study investigated the relation between theory of mind (ToM) and metamemory knowledge using a training methodology. Sixty-two 4- to 5-year-old children were recruited and randomly assigned to one of two training conditions: A first-order false belief (ToM) and a control condition. Intervention and control groups were equivalent at pretest for…
Descriptors: Theory of Mind, Control Groups, Intervention, Beliefs
I Don't Want to Pick! Introspection on Uncertainty Supports Early Strategic Behavior
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Lyons, Kristen E.; Ghetti, Simona – Child Development, 2013
Although some evidence indicates that even very young children engage in rudimentary forms of strategic behavior, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. This study tested the hypothesis that uncertainty monitoring underlies such behaviors. Three-, four-, and five-year-old children ("N" = 88) completed a perceptual…
Descriptors: Child Development, Behavior Problems, Hypothesis Testing, Individual Differences
Are A-Not-B Errors Caused by a Belief About Object Location?
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Ruffman, Ted; Slade, Lance; Carlos Sandino, Juan; Fletcher, Amanda – Child Development, 2005
Eight- to 12-month-olds might make A-not-B errors, knowing the object is in B but searching at A because of ancillary (attention, inhibitory, or motor memory) deficits, or they might genuinely believe the object is in A (conceptual deficit). This study examined how diligently infants searched for a hidden object they never found. An object was…
Descriptors: Infants, Object Permanence, Inhibition, Error Patterns