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Goswami, Usha; Huss, Martina; Mead, Natasha; Fosker, Tim – Child Development, 2021
Phonological difficulties characterize children with developmental dyslexia across languages, but whether impaired auditory processing underlies these phonological difficulties is debated. Here the causal question is addressed by exploring whether individual differences in sensory processing predict the development of phonological awareness in 86…
Descriptors: Young Children, Dyslexia, Auditory Perception, Phonological Awareness
Camerota, Marie; Willoughby, Michael T. – Child Development, 2020
Little research has considered whether prenatal experience contributes to executive function (EF) development above and beyond postnatal experience. This study tests direct, mediated, and moderated associations between prenatal risk factors and preschool EF and IQ in a longitudinal sample of 1,292 children from the Family Life Project. A composite…
Descriptors: Prenatal Influences, Risk, Predictor Variables, Preschool Children
McNeil, Nicole M.; Hornburg, Caroline Byrd; Devlin, Brianna L.; Carrazza, Cristina; McKeever, Mary O. – Child Development, 2019
Experts claim that individual differences in children's formal understanding of mathematical equivalence have consequences for mathematics achievement; however, evidence is lacking. A prospective, longitudinal study was conducted with a diverse sample of 112 children from a midsized city in the Midwestern United States (M[subscript age] [second…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Mathematics Skills, Mathematics Achievement, Longitudinal Studies

Horn, Joseph M. – Child Development, 1983
Intelligence test scores were obtained from parents and children in 300 adoptive families and compared with similar data available from the children's biological mothers. Results support the hypothesis that genetic variability is an important influence in the development of individual differences in intelligence. (Author/RH)
Descriptors: Adoption, Individual Differences, Intelligence Quotient, Nature Nurture Controversy

Schneider, Wolfgang; Bjorklund, David F. – Child Development, 1992
Second and fourth graders were classified according to their knowledge of soccer and their IQ and given two sort-recall tasks. Results demonstrated that the knowledge base played an important role in children's memory. Domain knowledge could not fully eliminate the effects of IQ on sort-recall tasks using domain-related materials. (GLR)
Descriptors: Aptitude, Classification, Elementary Education, Elementary School Students

Huttenlocher, Janellen; Levine, Susan; Vevea, Jack – Child Development, 1998
Examined the relationship of environmental input to cognitive growth in language, spatial operations, concepts, and associative memory in children tested four times six months apart and differing in the amount of school input received. Found that children made greater growth over periods with greater amounts of school input for language, spatial…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Development, Comparative Analysis, Individual Development

Adams, Judith L.; Ramey, Craig T. – Child Development, 1980
Patterns of speech from lower socioeconomic status mothers to their infants were analyzed to determine correlations with infant risk of mental retardation. Measures of maternal language included sentence form, amount of speech, and syntactic complexity. The proportion of imperatives was positively correlated with risk status and negatively…
Descriptors: Economically Disadvantaged, Individual Differences, Infants, Intelligence Quotient