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Dyscalculia and Typical Math Achievement Are Associated with Individual Differences in Number-Specific Executive Function
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Wilkey, Eric D.; Pollack, Courtney; Price, Gavin R. – Child Development, 2020
Deficits in numerical magnitude perception characterize the mathematics learning disability developmental dyscalculia (DD), but recent studies suggest the relation stems from inhibitory control demands from incongruent visual cues in the nonsymbolic number comparison task. This study investigated the relation among magnitude perception during…
Descriptors: Learning Disabilities, Mathematics Skills, Executive Function, Mathematics Achievement
Subtypes of Mathematical Learning Disability and Their Antecedents: A Cognitive Diagnostic Approach
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Ouyang, Xiangzi; Zhang, Xiao; Räsänen, Pekka; Koponen, Tuire; Lerkkanen, Marja-Kristiina – Child Development, 2023
Using cognitive diagnostic modeling (CDM), this study identified subtypes of mathematics learning disability (MLD) based on children's numerical skills and examined the language and spatial precursors of these subtypes. Participants were 99 MLD children and 420 low achievers identified from 1839 Finnish children (966 boys) who were followed from…
Descriptors: Learning Disabilities, Mathematics Education, Cognitive Processes, Classification
Early Cognitive Precursors of Children's Mathematics Learning Disability and Persistent Low Achievement: A 5-Year Longitudinal Study
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Zhang, Xiao; Räsänen, Pekka; Koponen, Tuire; Aunola, Kaisa; Lerkkanen, Marja-Kristiina; Nurmi, Jari-Erik – Child Development, 2020
Mathematical difficulties have been distinguished as mathematics learning disability (MLD) and persistent low achievement (LA). Based on 1,880 Finnish children who were followed from kindergarten (age 6) to fourth grade, this study examined the early risk factors for MLD and LA. Distinct groups of MLD (6.0% of the sample) and LA (25.7%) children…
Descriptors: Learning Problems, Mathematics Instruction, Mathematics Skills, Learning Disabilities
Impaired Acuity of the Approximate Number System Underlies Mathematical Learning Disability (Dyscalculia)
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Mazzocco, Michele M. M.; Feigenson, Lisa; Halberda, Justin – Child Development, 2011
Many children have significant mathematical learning disabilities (MLD, or dyscalculia) despite adequate schooling. The current study hypothesizes that MLD partly results from a deficiency in the Approximate Number System (ANS) that supports nonverbal numerical representations across species and throughout development. In this study of 71 ninth…
Descriptors: Learning Disabilities, Mathematics Achievement, Academic Achievement, Number Systems
A Longitudinal Study of Mathematical Competencies in Children with Specific Mathematics Difficulties versus Children with Comorbid Mathematics and Reading Difficulties.
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Jordan, Nancy C.; Hanich, Laurie B.; Kaplan, David – Child Development, 2003
Examined children's mathematical competencies between ages 7 and 9. Found no differences in developmental rate between children with math difficulties only (MD), math and reading difficulties (MD-RD), reading difficulties only (RD), and normal math/reading achievement (NA). Found that at end of Grade 3, MD group performed better than MD-RD group…
Descriptors: Child Development, Children, Comparative Analysis, Competence
Cognitive Mechanisms Underlying Achievement Deficits in Children with Mathematical Learning Disability
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Geary, David C.; Hoard, Mary K.; Byrd-Craven, Jennifer; Nugent, Lara; Numtee, Chattavee – Child Development, 2007
Using strict and lenient mathematics achievement cutoff scores to define a learning disability, respective groups of children who are math disabled (MLD, n = 15) and low achieving (LA, n = 44) were identified. These groups and a group of typically achieving (TA, n = 46) children were administered a battery of mathematical cognition, working…
Descriptors: Memory, Mathematics Achievement, Learning Disabilities, Disability Identification
Learning Disabilities in Children with Sex Chromosome Anomalies.
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Pennington, Bruce F.; And Others – Child Development, 1982
Results obtained from 44 children (ages 7 through 16) with sex chromosome abnormalities and from 17 chromosomally normal siblings demonstrated that children in the former group have an increased risk of encountering learning problems. (MP)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Adolescents, Children, Cognitive Development
Self-Concept as Related to Achievement and Age in Learning-disabled Children
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Black, F. William – Child Development, 1974
An investigation of performance on a standardized test of self concept with matched samples of normal and retarded readers. Self concept test performance was found to be significantly and negatively related to age, school grade and each measure of achievement. (Author/SDH)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Age, Elementary School Students, Grades (Scholastic)