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Peer reviewedSmall, Melinda Y.; Butterworth, John – Child Development, 1981
Tests semantic integration and frequency tally models of memory among 60 first-, third-, and fifth-grade children. Data from third and fifth graders show different patterns of results for regular and anomalous stories. The true-inference error rate was significantly greater than the error rates for false premise and false-inference sentences in…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Elementary Education, Elementary School Students, Hypothesis Testing
Peer reviewedMarkovits, Henry; And Others – Child Development, 1996
A model of conditional reasoning predicted that children under 12 would respond correctly to questions of uncertain logical form if premises and context enabled them to access counterexamples from memory, and that children's performance with uncertain logical forms would decrease when empirically true premises are presented in a fantasy context.…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Children, Context Effect, Fantasy
