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Profiles of Minority-Majority Language Proficiency in 5-Year-Olds
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Hoff, Erika; Tulloch, Michelle K.; Core, Cynthia – Child Development, 2021
Children from language minority homes reach school age with variable dual language skills. Cluster analysis identified four bilingual profiles among 126 U.S.-born, 5-year-old Spanish-English bilinguals. The profiles differed on two dimensions: language balance and total language knowledge. Balance varied primarily as a function of indicators of…
Descriptors: Language Minorities, Language Proficiency, Bilingualism, Second Language Learning
Models of Speech Perception and Phonological Processing in Reading.
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McBride-Chang, Catherine – Child Development, 1996
Examined the associations among speech perception, phonological awareness, naming speed, verbal memory, and word reading. Multiple measures were administered to 136 3rd- and 4th-grade children. Results indicated that naming speed was particularly highly associated with speech perception, whereas phonological awareness was substantially correlated…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Developmental Stages, Language Acquisition, Language Processing
Phonological Processing Skills and Deficits in Adult Dyslexics.
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Pennington, Bruce F.; And Others – Child Development, 1990
Four experiments with familial and clinical dyslexics aimed at defining primary processing deficits in adult dyslexia. Processes studied included phoneme perception and awareness, lexical retrieval, articulatory speed, and short-term memory. Only phoneme awareness met the criteria for primary deficit. Clinical dyslexics exhibited short-term memory…
Descriptors: Adults, Articulation (Speech), Dyslexia, Encoding (Psychology)