Six experiments examined children's ability to make inferences using temporal order information. Children completed versions of a task involving a toy zoo; one version required reasoning about past events (search task) and the other required reasoning about future events (planning task). Children younger than 5 years failed both the search and the…

It is suggested that field dependents have more difficulty than field independents in giving up reliance on a formerly relevant cue. (Authors/CB)

Outerdirectedness has been defined by first author and his colleagues as a style of problem solving characterized by reliance on concrete situational cues rather than by active attempts to deduce abstract relationships. (Authors/MB)