A total of 48 children from five to six years of age were shown pictures of males and females performing sex-consistent and sex-inconsistent activities. Children were tested a week later for recall of these activities and the sex of the actor performing them. Sex-consistent activities were found to be more memorable than sex-inconsistent…

When reference cues are added to a pattern copying task, males' performance improves, but females' remains the same. This superior cue utilization may partially explain differences in spatial abilities. The present research attempts to determine the optimum locus for facilitation of copying by reference cues. (RH)

This study examined the hypothesis that group size can influence whether 9- to 10-year-olds display self-assertive versus self-deprecating responses to interpersonal competition, especially under stress. Findings indicated that individuals displayed more assertive behaviors during competitive game-playing in groups than in dyads, and more…

Results indicate that the performance factors examined do, in part, account for subjects' difficulties on standard Piagetian horizontality and verticality tasks but that they cannot fully account for the overall sex differences. (RH)

Results supported the expectations regarding field dependence-independence but failed to support those regarding sex differences. (Authors)

Measures of limit setting and control in a toy cleanup situation were developed as part of a longitudinal study of lower-SES mothers and children through the first five years of life. Several findings suggest a distinction between mothers' seductive behavior and warmth or affection. Developmental implications are discussed. (Author/RH)

Study designed to reveal some of the intermediate skills which might account for the superior academic performance of children who perceive their reinforcements in those situations as caused by their own behavior (internal control). (Authors)

Results indicated that Piagetian developmental level significantly predicted problem-solving performance, whereas level of field independence did not appear to clarify individual differences in a meaningful way. (Author)

Examined children's recall of the spatial configurations of an environment after the children followed prearranged paths and encountered barriers to movement. When asked to reconstruct the environmental configuration from memory, males estimated distances more accurately than did females. No age differences were noted. (Author/DB)

The relationship between preschoolers' motivation and performance and observed paternal behavior is explored. (JMB)

Study is an investigation of the effects of an attention-focusing variable--spatial separation of central and incidental cues--and a cognitive strategy factor--verbal labeling of central cues--and their interaction on the incidental learning of Ss younger than those previously tested with these manipulations. (Authors)

Purpose of the study is to examine relationships between internality and achievement-related variables in a performance situation where students determine the difficulty level at which they desire to work. (Authors)