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Mulaik, Stanley A. – Child Development, 1987
Examines and rejects common criticisms of the causality concept; shows causality is a relation implied in the grammar of a language about objects. Discusses objective criteria for concepts of causal relations and explains how the concept of causality may be modified to have causes determine probabilities of outcomes. (Author/RH)
Descriptors: Definitions, Etiology, Probability, Research Methodology
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Roosa, Mark W. – Child Development, 2000
Identifies interaction effects as the defining feature of resilience and resilience research. Maintains that interaction effects are responsible for the unique contributions of this field of study to the understanding of human development. Suggests that the methodological and statistical challenges posed by interaction effects do not, by…
Descriptors: Child Development, Children, Definitions, Individual Development