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Direct linkHerrmann, Patricia A.; Medin, Douglas L.; Waxman, Sandra R. – Cognition, 2012
The current study examines 3- and 5-year-olds' representation of the concept we label "animal" and its two nested concepts--"animal"[subscript contrastive] (including only non-human animals) and "animal"[subscript inclusive] (including both humans and non-human animals). Building upon evidence that naming promotes object categorization, we…
Descriptors: Child Development, Animals, Young Children, Concept Formation
Perrachione, Tyler K.; Chiao, Joan Y.; Wong, Patrick C. M. – Cognition, 2010
The own-race bias in memory for faces has been a rich source of empirical work on the mechanisms of person perception. This effect is thought to arise because the face-perception system differentially encodes the relevant structural dimensions of features and their configuration based on experiences with different groups of faces. However, the…
Descriptors: Recognition (Psychology), Identification, Social Cognition, Bias
Shutts, Kristin; Condry, Kirsten F.; Santos, Laurie R.; Spelke, Elizabeth S. – Cognition, 2009
Adults, preschool children, and nonhuman primates detect and categorize food objects according to substance information, conveyed primarily by color and texture. In contrast, they perceive and categorize artifacts primarily by shape and rigidity. The present experiments investigated the origins of this distinction. Using a looking time procedure,…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Infants, Generalization, Adults
Blair, Mark R.; Watson, Marcus R.; Meier, Kimberly M. – Cognition, 2009
Learning to identify objects as members of categories is an essential cognitive skill and learning to deploy attention effectively is a core component of that process. The present study investigated an assumption imbedded in formal models of categorization: error is necessary for attentional learning. Eye-trackers were used to record participants'…
Descriptors: Feedback (Response), Classification, Thinking Skills, Cognitive Development
Stewart, Mary E.; Ota, Mitsuhiko – Cognition, 2008
It has been claimed that Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by a limited ability to process perceptual stimuli in reference to the contextual information of the percept. Such a connection between a nonholistic processing style and behavioral traits associated with ASD is thought to exist also within the neurotypical population albeit…
Descriptors: Phonetics, Autism, Identification, Auditory Perception
Malt, Barbara C.; Sloman, Steven A. – Cognition, 2007
Daily experience is filled with objects that have been created by humans to serve specific purposes. For such objects, the very act of creation may be a key element of how people understand them. But exactly how does creator's intention matter? We evaluated its contribution to two forms of categorization: the name selected for an artifact, and…
Descriptors: Intention, Classification, Intuition, Concept Formation
