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Khemlani, Sangeet S.; Byrne, Ruth M. J.; Johnson-Laird, Philip N. – Cognitive Science, 2018
This article presents a fundamental advance in the theory of mental models as an explanation of reasoning about facts, possibilities, and probabilities. It postulates that the meanings of compound assertions, such as conditionals ("if") and disjunctions ("or"), unlike those in logic, refer to conjunctions of epistemic…
Descriptors: Form Classes (Languages), Schemata (Cognition), Inferences, Prediction
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Hattori, Masasi; Oaksford, Mike – Cognitive Science, 2007
In this article, 41 models of covariation detection from 2 x 2 contingency tables were evaluated against past data in the literature and against data from new experiments. A new model was also included based on a limiting case of the normative phi-coefficient under an extreme rarity assumption, which has been shown to be an important factor in…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Responses, Computer Simulation, Heuristics