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Cheng, Patricia W.; Sandhofer, Catherine M.; Liljeholm, Mimi – Cognitive Science, 2022
The present paper examines a type of abstract domain-general knowledge required for the process of constructing useable domain-specific causal knowledge, the evident goal of causal learning. It tests the hypothesis that analytic knowledge of "causal-invariance decomposition functions" is essential for this process. Such knowledge…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Learning Processes, Generalization, Heuristics
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Chin-Parker, Seth; Cantelon, Julie – Cognitive Science, 2017
This paper provides evidence for a contrastive account of explanation that is motivated by pragmatic theories that recognize the contribution that context makes to the interpretation of a prompt for explanation. This study replicates the primary findings of previous work in explanation-based category learning (Williams & Lombrozo, 2010),…
Descriptors: Context Effect, Prompting, Generalization, Classification
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Jenkins, Gavin W.; Samuelson, Larissa K.; Smith, Jodi R.; Spencer, John P. – Cognitive Science, 2015
It is unclear how children learn labels for multiple overlapping categories such as "Labrador," "dog," and "animal." Xu and Tenenbaum (2007a) suggested that learners infer correct meanings with the help of Bayesian inference. They instantiated these claims in a Bayesian model, which they tested with preschoolers and…
Descriptors: Generalization, Young Children, Inferences, Models