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Valentina Gliozzi – Cognitive Science, 2024
We propose a simple computational model that describes potential mechanisms underlying the organization and development of the lexical-semantic system in 18-month-old infants. We focus on two independent aspects: (i) on potential mechanisms underlying the development of taxonomic and associative priming, and (ii) on potential mechanisms underlying…
Descriptors: Infants, Computation, Models, Cognitive Development
Rey, Arnaud; Fagot, Joël; Mathy, Fabien; Lazartigues, Laura; Tosatto, Laure; Bonafos, Guillem; Freyermuth, Jean-Marc; Lavigne, Frédéric – Cognitive Science, 2022
The extraction of cooccurrences between two events, A and B, is a central learning mechanism shared by all species capable of associative learning. Formally, the cooccurrence of events A and B appearing in a sequence is measured by the transitional probability (TP) between these events, and it corresponds to the probability of the second stimulus…
Descriptors: Animals, Learning Processes, Associative Learning, Serial Learning
Luthra, Sahil; You, Heejo; Rueckl, Jay G.; Magnuson, James S. – Cognitive Science, 2020
Visual word recognition is facilitated by the presence of "orthographic neighbors" that mismatch the target word by a single letter substitution. However, researchers typically do not consider "where" neighbors mismatch the target. In light of evidence that some letter positions are more informative than others, we investigate…
Descriptors: Visual Stimuli, Word Recognition, Orthographic Symbols, Alphabets
Cheng, Peter C.-H.; van Genuchten, Erlijn – Cognitive Science, 2018
Individual differences in the strategies that control sequential behavior were investigated in an experiment in which participants memorized sentences and then wrote them by hand, in a non-cursive style. Thirty-two participants each wrote eight sentences, which had hierarchical structures with five levels. The dataset included over 31,000 letters.…
Descriptors: Sentences, Short Term Memory, Cues, Stimuli
Agres, Kat; Abdallah, Samer; Pearce, Marcus – Cognitive Science, 2018
A basic function of cognition is to detect regularities in sensory input to facilitate the prediction and recognition of future events. It has been proposed that these implicit expectations arise from an internal predictive coding model, based on knowledge acquired through processes such as statistical learning, but it is unclear how different…
Descriptors: Auditory Stimuli, Cognitive Processes, Coding, Memory
Fan, Judith E.; Yamins, Daniel L. K.; Turk-Browne, Nicholas B. – Cognitive Science, 2018
Production and comprehension have long been viewed as inseparable components of language. The study of vision, by contrast, has centered almost exclusively on comprehension. Here we investigate drawing--the most basic form of visual production. How do we convey concepts in visual form, and how does refining this skill, in turn, affect recognition?…
Descriptors: Vision, Freehand Drawing, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Recognition (Psychology)
Danileiko, Irina; Lee, Michael D. – Cognitive Science, 2018
We apply the "wisdom of the crowd" idea to human category learning, using a simple approach that combines people's categorization decisions by taking the majority decision. We first show that the aggregated crowd category learning behavior found by this method performs well, learning categories more quickly than most or all individuals…
Descriptors: Group Experience, Classification, Learning Processes, Participative Decision Making
Moreton, Elliott; Pater, Joe; Pertsova, Katya – Cognitive Science, 2017
Linguistic and non-linguistic pattern learning have been studied separately, but we argue for a comparative approach. Analogous inductive problems arise in phonological and visual pattern learning. Evidence from three experiments shows that human learners can solve them in analogous ways, and that human performance in both cases can be captured by…
Descriptors: Phonology, Concept Formation, Learning Processes, Difficulty Level
Austerweil, Joseph L.; Griffiths, Thomas L.; Palmer, Stephen E. – Cognitive Science, 2017
How does the visual system recognize images of a novel object after a single observation despite possible variations in the viewpoint of that object relative to the observer? One possibility is comparing the image with a prototype for invariance over a relevant transformation set (e.g., translations and dilations). However, invariance over…
Descriptors: Prior Learning, Inferences, Visual Acuity, Recognition (Psychology)
Cooper, Richard P.; Catmur, Caroline; Heyes, Cecilia – Cognitive Science, 2013
Automatic imitation or "imitative compatibility" is thought to be mediated by the mirror neuron system and to be a laboratory model of the motor mimicry that occurs spontaneously in naturalistic social interaction. Imitative compatibility and spatial compatibility effects are known to depend on different stimulus dimensions--body…
Descriptors: Imitation, Spatial Ability, Cognitive Processes, Stimuli
Creel, Sarah C.; Tumlin, Melanie A. – Cognitive Science, 2012
Three experiments explored online recognition in a nonspeech domain, using a novel experimental paradigm. Adults learned to associate abstract shapes with particular melodies, and at test they identified a played melody's associated shape. To implicitly measure recognition, visual fixations to the associated shape versus a distractor shape were…
Descriptors: Music, Experiments, Memory, Models
Moller, Ralf; Schenck, Wolfram – Cognitive Science, 2008
We show that simple perceptual competences can emerge from an internal simulation of action effects and are thus grounded in behavior. A simulated agent learns to distinguish between dead ends and corridors without the necessity to represent these concepts in the sensory domain. Initially, the agent is only endowed with a simple value system and…
Descriptors: Prediction, Schemata (Cognition), Computer Simulation, Models
Kam, Xuan-Nga Cao; Stoyneshka, Iglika; Tornyova, Lidiya; Fodor, Janet D.; Sakas, William G. – Cognitive Science, 2008
Recent challenges to Chomsky's "poverty of the stimulus" thesis for language acquisition suggest that children's primary data may carry "indirect evidence" about linguistic constructions despite containing no instances of them. Indirect evidence is claimed to suffice for grammar acquisition, without need for innate knowledge. This article reports…
Descriptors: Language Acquisition, Linguistic Theory, English, Indo European Languages
Griffiths, Thomas L.; Christian, Brian R.; Kalish, Michael L. – Cognitive Science, 2008
Many of the problems studied in cognitive science are inductive problems, requiring people to evaluate hypotheses in the light of data. The key to solving these problems successfully is having the right inductive biases--assumptions about the world that make it possible to choose between hypotheses that are equally consistent with the observed…
Descriptors: Logical Thinking, Bias, Identification, Research Methodology
Reynolds, Jeremy R.; Zacks, Jeffrey M.; Braver, Todd S. – Cognitive Science, 2007
People tend to perceive ongoing continuous activity as series of discrete events. This partitioning of continuous activity may occur, in part, because events correspond to dynamic patterns that have recurred across different contexts. Recurring patterns may lead to reliable sequential dependencies in observers' experiences, which then can be used…
Descriptors: Prediction, Models, Mathematical Models, Simulation
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