Developing countries cannot simply pattern their social welfare programs after the programs in developed nations because their needs are quite different. Educational levels, degrees of urbanization, and wealth of the countries must be considered. Individual communities must be involved in a real sense if social welfare programs are to succeed. (AG)

Distinguishes among six strategies of community change, identifies citizen participation as only one of several approaches, and challenges practitioners to fit the strategy to their situation and determine which is most apt to empower their community. (Author/JOW)