The Hungarian situation is described as a case study to illustrate the processes by which the political and economic imperatives of a socialist country are translated into classroom curricula and practice. The structure of the National Pedagogical Institute and its departments of education is outlined. (Author/SJL)

Examines recent attempts to restructure French secondary schooling in order to provide equal opportunity and more relevant curriculum. Discusses some impediments to these reforms, particularly the opposition of teachers and their unions. (SJL)

Describes the levels at which young people in France can work for qualifications in technical fields, ranging from relatively straightforward trades to the highest levels of technology. Evaluates trends in vocational/technical and technological education in postwar France and discusses the relationship between national prosperity and high…