The article discusses the entry of standardised measurement into the educational systems of Sweden and Germany and the processes of shape-shifting associated with this process. In the first part of the article, we investigate how standardised measurement challenged existing ways of conceiving education in Sweden and Germany during the first half…

In this paper an attempt was made to examine the thesis of Nicholas Hans (a further development of Weber's thesis) on the relationship between religious affiliation and educational achievement using the Soviet Union as an example. (Author)