This article reports two studies exploring the academic procrastination of 456 undergraduates. Study 1 explores the relationships among academic procrastination, self-regulation, academic self-efficacy, self-esteem, and self-efficacy for self-regulation. Results reveal that although other self-variables are related to procrastination,…

A battery of test was given to 1,240 students at the junior and senior high school and college level to assess their academic aptitude, self-efficacy, achievement orientation, and course-specific study activities. (RB)

A self-report measure was used to assess the number of times 1,240 junior and senior high school and college students engage in 15 varieties of study activities. Results showed a comparatively little engagement in planned study activities. (RB)

Students in 22 social science courses at the junior high, senior high, and college level were surveyed about their study habits to prepare for a major exam. An index of the effectiveness of each class of study activity was developed in terms of its impact on test grades. (RB)

Previous research has shown that providing written organizational lecture cues boosts notetaking and that boosting notetaking raises achievement. Lecture learning literature, however, is silent on whether spoken organizational lecture cues boost notetaking and achievement. To find out, participants listened to a lecture that contained or did not…

In this study, students reported total study time, their allocation of time to specific study activities, and the relationship between such allocations and achievement. (RB)

Contends that academic achievement cannot be improved by increasing the amount of time students spend on homework. Instead, achievement depends on the nature of the study activities students do. (RB)

No differences in immediate recognition performance were found for 30 undergraduate students who reorganized notes into an instructor-generated matrix versus subjects who reviewed in their typical manner. Reorganization during review resulted in relatively higher achievement on a free recall test, while unstructured review produced higher…

The research literature indicates that recording notes is less crucial than students' review of notes for performance on a variety of learning tasks. Future research on notetaking should include factors such as length of presentation, interest in material, format of information delivery, and student use of notes. (Author/RD)

Predictions of a model of instructional feedback were tested as 117 undergraduates read a text, rated certitudes, and received feedback at varying speeds. Results support the hypothesized relationship between certitude and the probability of correctly answering posttest questions, but not between certitude and durability (maintaining a response…

Providing contextual cues leads to more effective learning than depth of semantic processing activity. However, the positive effects of contextual cues are reduced when the subject must search for the theme during the learning activity, as opposed to having it presented before the passage. (CP)

The current work draws upon the theoretical framework of deliberate practice in order to clarify why the amount of study by college students is a poor predictor of academic performance. A model was proposed where performance in college, both cumulatively and for a current semester, was jointly determined by previous knowledge and skills as well as…

The roles that knowledge, motivational variables, and approaches to study play in academic success were explored for 104 undergraduates. A path model was proposed and tested, providing a basis for beginning to understand how the approaches to study students select may mediate between knowledge, beliefs, and achievement. (SLD)

Measures of general personality, study habits and attitudes, test anxiety, locus of control, and psychological types were used to provide a personal and educational characterization for students in each of the four different groups defined by LOGO II, a questionnaire designed to examine for grade orientation and learning orientation. (LMO)

The effects of varying placement of a review period and test expectancy on students' notetaking, review strategies, and performance on delayed free recall, application, and cloze tests were studied for 156 undergraduates. The benefits of reviewing notes and optimal placement of the review period partly depended on the test type. (SLD)