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Foglia, Victoria; Zhang, Haichao; Walsh, Jennifer A.; Rutherford, M. D. – Developmental Psychology, 2022
When perceiving emotional facial expressions, adults use a template-matching strategy, comparing the perceived face with a stored representation. A rejection of unnaturally exaggerated faces is characteristic of this strategy because the exaggerated expressions do not match the stored template. In contrast, a rule-based perceptual strategy (e.g.,…
Descriptors: Nonverbal Communication, Perception, Children, Adolescents
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Klaczynski, Paul A.; Aneja, Alka – Developmental Psychology, 2002
The relationship between higher order reasoning and sex bias was investigated among children 7, 9 and 11 years old. Children read arguments enhancing their own or other gender, then rated argument intelligence, judged other children based on observations, and justified their arguments. Findings showed that own-gender reasoning biases declined with…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Childhood Attitudes, Children, Cognitive Structures
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Johnson, Kathy E.; And Others – Developmental Psychology, 1992
Judgments of similarity among mammals, including humans, were elicited from 7 and 10 year olds and adults. Results partially supported a consensus model of shared cultural knowledge. Patterns of deviation from the model appeared between children and adults because of the emergence of a primate category after age 10. (BC)
Descriptors: Adults, Age Differences, Children, Classification
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MacLennan, Richard N.; Jackson, Douglas N. – Developmental Psychology, 1985
Evaluated developmental trends in social perception by examining accuracy and consistency using a novel nonverbal trait-inference task at four age levels (5-6, 7-8, 9-11, and 19-22 years) in male subjects. This general paradigm may prove useful in future investigations of social perceptual development, particularly when consistency as well as…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Children, Cognitive Structures, Developmental Stages
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Kliegl, Reinhold; And Others – Developmental Psychology, 1989
Investigated the range and limits of cognitive reserve capacity as a general approach to the understanding of age differences in cognitive functioning. Group differences were magnified by training to such a degree that age distributions barely overlapped at posttests. The testing-the-limits approach promises increased understanding of cognitive…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Structures, Difficulty Level
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Reimers, Stian; Maylor, Elizabeth A. – Developmental Psychology, 2005
The authors investigated age-related changes in executive control using an Internet-based task-switching experiment with 5,271 participants between the ages of 10 and 66 years. Speeded face categorization was required on the basis of gender (G) or emotion (E) in single task blocks (GGG... and EEE...) or switching blocks (GGEEGGEE...). General…
Descriptors: Puberty, Gender Differences, Psychological Patterns, Age Differences
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Stanowich, Keith E.; And Others – Developmental Psychology, 1995
Examined the effects of print exposure on growth of declarative knowledge and vocabulary in 133 college students and 49 elderly adults. Compared groups on two general knowledge tasks, vocabulary, working memory, syllogistic reasoning, and print exposure. Found that exposure to print was a significant predictor of declarative and vocabulary…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Structures
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Tenenbaum, Harriet R.; Leaper, Campbell – Developmental Psychology, 2002
Used meta-analysis to examine relationship of parents' gender schemas and their offspring's gender-related cognitions, with samples ranging in age from infancy through early adulthood. Found a small but meaningful effect size (r=.16) indicating a positive correlation between parent gender schema and offspring measures. Effect sizes were influenced…
Descriptors: Adult Children, Age Differences, Attitudes, Children