Inescapable shock given to weanling rats produced large deficits in adult escape behavior. Experience with escapable shock while a weanling immunizes the animal against the deficits produced by inescapable shock received as an adult. Implications of these findings for animal models of human depression are discussed. (Author/MS)

Contrasted characteristics of antisocial adolescents who desist from crime in adulthood with characteristics of those who became adult criminals. Proposed that psychophysiological differences between the two groups could reveal procedures to protect vulnerable individuals against crime. Findings suggest that better conditioning and enhanced…