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Venus Ho; Emily Stonehouse; Ori Friedman – Developmental Psychology, 2024
Although stories for children often feature supernatural and fantastical events, children themselves often prefer realistic events when choosing what should happen in a story. In two experiments, we investigated whether 3- to 5-year-olds (total N = 240 from diverse backgrounds) might be more likely to include fantastical events in stories about…
Descriptors: Fiction, Fantasy, Child Development, Preferences
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Noyes, Alexander; Dunham, Yarrow; Keil, Frank C. – Developmental Psychology, 2023
We systematically compared beliefs about animal (e.g., "lion"), artifactual (e.g., "hammer"), and institutional (e.g., "police officer") categories, aiming to identify whether people draw different inferences about which categories are subjective and which are socially constituted. We conducted two studies with 270…
Descriptors: Animals, Preschool Children, Children, Child Development
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Baer, Carolyn; Odic, Darko – Developmental Psychology, 2020
How does a person make decisions across perceptual boundaries? Here, we test the account that confidence constitutes a common currency for perceptual decisions even in childhood by examining whether confidence can be compared across distinct perceptual dimensions. We conducted a strict test of domain-generality in confidence reasoning by asking 6-…
Descriptors: Children, Perception, Decision Making, Self Esteem
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Natalie Bleijlevens; Tanya Behne – Developmental Psychology, 2024
Upon hearing a novel label, listeners tend to assume that it refers to a novel, rather than a familiar object. While this disambiguation or mutual exclusivity (ME) effect has been robustly shown across development, it is unclear what it involves. Do listeners use their pragmatic and lexical knowledge to exclude the familiar object and thus select…
Descriptors: Ambiguity (Semantics), Toddlers, Adults, Cognitive Mapping
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Plate, Rista C.; Shutts, Kristin; Cochrane, Aaron; Green, C. Shawn; Pollak, Seth D. – Developmental Psychology, 2021
Children have a powerful ability to track probabilistic information, but there are also situations in which young learners simply follow what another person says or does at the cost of obtaining rewards. This latter phenomenon, sometimes termed bias to trust in testimony, has primarily been studied in children preschool-age and younger, presumably…
Descriptors: Probability, Trust (Psychology), Preschool Children, Children
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Ayorech, Ziada; Plomin, Robert; von Stumm, Sophie – Developmental Psychology, 2019
At the end of compulsory schooling, young adults decide on educational and occupational trajectories that impact their subsequent employability, health and even life expectancy. To understand the antecedents to these decisions, we follow a new approach that considers genetic contributions, which have largely been ignored before. Using genomewide…
Descriptors: Genetics, Correlation, Employment, Decision Making
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Gummerum, Michaela; Leman, Patrick J.; Hollins, Tara S. – Developmental Psychology, 2014
Group decision making should be particularly beneficial when group members share unique information, because then a group can make a better decision than each group member alone. This study examined how elementary-school children share unique information during group decision making. Seventy-nine groups of 3 same-sex and same-age 7- and 9-year-old…
Descriptors: Group Dynamics, Sharing Behavior, Elementary School Students, Children
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Cooley, Shelby; Burkholder, Amanda R.; Killen, Melanie – Developmental Psychology, 2019
This study investigated children's and adolescents' predictions of inclusion and evaluations of exclusion in interracial and same-race peer contexts. The sample (N = 246) consisted of African American (n = 115) and European American (n = 131) children and adolescents who judged the likelihood of including a new peer, evaluated the group's decision…
Descriptors: Social Integration, Social Isolation, Prediction, Peer Relationship
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Almy, Brandon; Kuskowski, Michael; Malone, Stephen M.; Myers, Evan; Luciana, Monica – Developmental Psychology, 2018
Many researchers have used the standard Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) to assess decision-making in adolescence given increased risk-taking during this developmental period. Most studies are cross-sectional and do not observe behavioral trajectories over time, limiting interpretation. This longitudinal study investigated healthy adolescents' and young…
Descriptors: Longitudinal Studies, Decision Making, Task Analysis, Risk
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Mata, Rui; von Helversen, Bettina; Karlsson, Linnea; Cupper, Lutz – Developmental Psychology, 2012
We often need to infer unknown properties of objects from observable ones, just like detectives must infer guilt from observable clues and behavior. But how do inferential processes change with age? We examined young and older adults' reliance on rule-based and similarity-based processes in an inference task that can be considered either a…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Comparative Analysis, Classification, Young Adults
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Lucas, Amanda J.; Lewis, Charlie; Pala, F. Cansu; Wong, Katie; Berridge, Damon – Developmental Psychology, 2013
Research on preschoolers' selective learning has mostly been conducted in English-speaking countries. We compared the performance of Turkish preschoolers (who are exposed to a language with evidential markers), Chinese preschoolers (known to be advanced in executive skills), and English preschoolers on an extended selective trust task (N = 144).…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Preschool Children, Executive Function, Comparative Analysis
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Van Duijvenvoorde, Anna C. K.; Jansen, Brenda R. J.; Bredman, Joren C.; Huizenga, Hilde M. – Developmental Psychology, 2012
Advantageous decision making progressively develops into early adulthood, most specifically in complex and motivationally salient decision situations in which direct feedback on gains and losses is provided (Figner & Weber, 2011). However, the factors that underlie this developmental improvement in decision making are still not well understood.…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Long Term Memory, Decision Making, Probability
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De Neys, Wim; Vanderputte, Karolien – Developmental Psychology, 2011
Developmental studies on heuristics and biases have reported controversial findings suggesting that children sometimes reason more logically than do adults. We addressed the controversy by testing the impact of children's knowledge of the heuristic stereotypes that are typically cued in these studies. Five-year-old preschoolers and 8-year-old…
Descriptors: Concept Formation, Thinking Skills, Child Development, Adults
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Cauffman, Elizabeth; Shulman, Elizabeth P.; Steinberg, Laurence; Claus, Eric; Banich, Marie T.; Graham, Sandra; Woolard, Jennifer – Developmental Psychology, 2010
Contemporary perspectives on age differences in risk taking, informed by advances in developmental neuroscience, have emphasized the need to examine the ways in which emotional and cognitive factors interact to influence decision making. In the present study, a diverse sample of 901 individuals between the ages of 10 and 30 were administered a…
Descriptors: Feedback (Response), Late Adolescents, Adolescents, Adults
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Bumpus, Matthew F.; Crouter, Ann C.; McHale, Susan M. – Developmental Psychology, 2001
Investigated ways in which indicators of parental autonomy granting (decision-making input and parental knowledge of adolescents' daily experiences) differed as a function of context and personal qualities. Found that firstborns were granted more autonomy than second borns, especially in families with firstborn girls and second-born boys. Girls in…
Descriptors: Adolescent Behavior, Adolescent Development, Adolescents, Birth Order