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Zupan, Zorana; Blagrove, Elisabeth L.; Watson, Derrick G. – Developmental Psychology, 2023
By approximately 6 years of age, children can use time-based visual selection to ignore stationary stimuli, already in the visual field and prioritize the selection of newly arriving stimuli. This ability can be studied using preview search, a version of the visual search paradigm with an added temporal component, in which one set of distractors…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Visual Stimuli, Comparative Analysis, Adults
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Berry, Ed D. J.; Waterman, Amanda H.; Baddeley, Alan D.; Hitch, Graham J.; Allen, Richard J. – Developmental Psychology, 2018
Recent research has demonstrated that, when instructed to prioritize a serial position in visual working memory (WM), adults are able to boost performance for this selected item, at a cost to nonprioritized items (e.g., Hu, Hitch, Baddeley, Zhang, & Allen, 2014). While executive control appears to play an important role in this ability, the…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Visual Perception, Children, Individual Differences
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Friedman, Naomi P.; Miyake, Akira; Altamirano, Lee J.; Corley, Robin P.; Young, Susan E.; Rhea, Sally Ann; Hewitt, John K. – Developmental Psychology, 2016
Executive functions (EFs)--the higher level cognitive abilities that enable us to control our own thoughts and actions--continue to develop into early adulthood, yet no longitudinal study has examined their stability during the important life transition from late adolescence to young adulthood. In this twin study (total N = 840 individuals from…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Late Adolescents, Young Adults, Twins
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Ansari, Arya; Pianta, Robert C.; Whittaker, Jessica V.; Vitiello, Virginia E.; Ruzek, Erik A. – Developmental Psychology, 2020
The present investigation examined the benefits of pre-K through the end of kindergarten for children from low-income homes who lived in a large and diverse county (n = 2,581) as well as factors associated with a reduction in benefits during the kindergarten year. Results revealed that pre-K graduates outperformed nonattenders in the areas of…
Descriptors: Preschool Education, Program Effectiveness, Low Income Students, Kindergarten
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Devine, Rory T.; White, Naomi; Ensor, Rosie; Hughes, Claire – Developmental Psychology, 2016
The vast majority of studies on theory of mind (ToM) have focused on the preschool years. Extending the developmental scope of ToM research presents opportunities to both reassess theoretical accounts of ToM and test its predictive utility. The twin aims of this longitudinal study were to examine developmental relations between ToM, executive…
Descriptors: Theory of Mind, Executive Function, Interpersonal Competence, Children
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Bernier, Annie; Beauchamp, Miriam H.; Carlson, Stephanie M.; Lalonde, Gabrielle – Developmental Psychology, 2015
In light of emerging evidence suggesting that the affective quality of parent-child relationships may relate to individual differences in young children's executive functioning (EF) skills, the aim of this study was to investigate the prospective associations between attachment security in toddlerhood and children's EF skills in kindergarten.…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Attachment Behavior, Parent Child Relationship, Correlation
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Benson, Jeannette E.; Sabbagh, Mark A.; Carlson, Stephanie M.; Zelazo, Philip David – Developmental Psychology, 2013
Twenty-four 3.5-year-old children who initially showed poor performance on false-belief tasks participated in a training protocol designed to promote performance on these tasks. Our aim was to determine whether the extent to which children benefited from training was predicted by their performance on a battery of executive functioning tasks.…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Theory of Mind, Executive Function, Prediction
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Blair, Clancy; Raver, C. Cybele; Berry, Daniel J. – Developmental Psychology, 2014
In the current article, we contrast 2 analytical approaches to estimate the relation of parenting to executive function development in a sample of 1,292 children assessed longitudinally between the ages of 36 and 60 months of age. Children were administered a newly developed and validated battery of 6 executive function tasks tapping inhibitory…
Descriptors: Parenting Styles, Parent Child Relationship, Correlation, Executive Function
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Zinke, Katharina; Zeintl, Melanie; Rose, Nathan S.; Putzmann, Julia; Pydde, Andrea; Kliegel, Matthias – Developmental Psychology, 2014
Recent studies suggest that working memory training may benefit older adults; however, findings regarding training and transfer effects are mixed. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of a process-based training intervention in a diverse sample of older adults and explored possible moderators of training and transfer effects. For…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Older Adults, Transfer of Training, Executive Function
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Berry, Daniel; Willoughby, Michael T.; Blair, Clancy; Ursache, Alexandra; Granger, Douglas A. – Developmental Psychology, 2014
Intervention studies indicate that children's childcare experiences can be leveraged to support the development of executive functioning (EF). The role of more normative childcare experiences is less clear. Increasingly, theory and empirical work suggest that individual differences in children's physiological stress systems may be associated with…
Descriptors: Child Care, Stress Variables, Executive Function, Physiology
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Toplak, Maggie E.; West, Richard F.; Stanovich, Keith E. – Developmental Psychology, 2014
We studied developmental trends in 5 important reasoning tasks that are critical components of the operational definition of rational thinking. The tasks measured denominator neglect, belief bias, base rate sensitivity, resistance to framing, and the tendency toward otherside thinking. In addition to age, we examined 2 other individual difference…
Descriptors: Trend Analysis, Taxonomy, Cognitive Ability, Thinking Skills
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Siegler, Robert S.; Pyke, Aryn A. – Developmental Psychology, 2013
We examined developmental and individual differences in 6th and 8th graders' fraction arithmetic and overall mathematics achievement and related them to differences in understanding of fraction magnitudes, whole number division, executive functioning, and metacognitive judgments within a cross-sectional design. Results indicated that the…
Descriptors: Grade 6, Arithmetic, Mathematics Skills, Mathematics Instruction