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Developmental Models of Infant and Childhood Temperament.
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Lemery, Kathryn S.; Goldsmith, H. Hill; Klinnert, Mary D.; Mrazek, David A. – Developmental Psychology, 1999
Examined the developmental courses of temperamental constructs using structural equation model fitting with children from 3 to 48 months of age. Found that across all measurement occasions, models that fit best were those that allowed for stability in temperament to be at least partially mediated through intermediate forms of the trait. (JPB)
Descriptors: Child Development, Infants, Models, Personality
Genetic Analyses of Focal Aspects of Infant Temperament.
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Goldsmith, H. H.; Lemery, Kathryn S.; Buss, Kristin A.; Campos, Joseph J. – Developmental Psychology, 1999
Explored genetic and environmental underpinnings of temperamental differences in 3- to 16-month-old twins and their parents. Found that additive genetic and shared environmental effects best represented smiling, laughter, and duration of orienting. Shared environmental effects fully accounted for co-twin similarity for soothability. Additive…
Descriptors: Genetics, Individual Differences, Infant Behavior, Infants
Rudiments of Infant Temperament: Newborn to 9 Months.
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Matheny, Adam P. Jr.; And Others – Developmental Psychology, 1985
Assessed temperament of newborn twins using comprehensive neonatal exam that focused on irritability, resistance to soothing activity, and reinforcement value. Some infants were later assessed at 9 months. Emotional activity appeared to be core dimension stretching over ages and is discussed in relation to formulations of infant temperament.…
Descriptors: Early Childhood Education, Emotional Response, Individual Differences, Infants
The Relations between Temperament and Empathy in 2-Year-Olds.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Young, Shari K.; Fox, Nathan A.; Zahn-Waxler, Carolyn – Developmental Psychology, 1999
Examined role of infant and toddler temperament in predicting 2-year olds' empathy. Found that children showed relatively more concern for mother's distress, but were also responsive to unfamiliar victims. Unreacting infants showing little affect also showed less empathy toward the unfamiliar adult almost two years later. Inhibition toward…
Descriptors: Emotional Response, Empathy, Infant Behavior, Infants
Gender Differences in Emotional Expressivity and Self-Regulation during Early Infancy.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Weinberg, M. Katherine; Tronick, Edward Z.; Cohn, Jeffrey F.; Olson, Karen L. – Developmental Psychology, 1999
Evaluated gender differences in infant and maternal emotional expressivity and regulation with 6-month-old infants and their mothers, using Tronick's face-to-face still-face model. Found that maternal affect, matching, rate of change between matching and mismatching states, and synchrony in the play preceding the still face differentially mediated…
Descriptors: Emotional Development, Emotional Response, Facial Expressions, Infants
The Effect of Infant Irritability on Mother-Infant Interaction: A Growth-Curve Analysis.
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van den Boom, Dymphna C.; Hoeksma, Jan B. – Developmental Psychology, 1994
To further understanding of temperament-interaction relationships, patterns of interactive behavior were observed in 30 lower-class mother-infant dyads (15 irritable and 15 nonirritable infants) at monthly intervals over a 6-month period. Findings revealed that maternal behavior was systematically more positive with nonirritable infants that with…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Foreign Countries, Infants, Lower Class Parents