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Differentiation of the Concepts of Luck and Skill.
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Nicholls, John G.; Miller, Arden T. – Developmental Psychology, 1985
Kindergarten through eighth-grade children were presented with two revisions (luck and skill) of the Matching Familiar Figures Test. Questioning about performance of hypothetical others revealed four levels of differentiation of luck and skill. These levels showed parallels with age-related changes in conceptions of difficulty, effort, and…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Age Differences, Attribution Theory, Children
Old and Young Adults' Recall of Events.
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Ratner, Hilary Horn; And Others – Developmental Psychology, 1988
Old and young adults participated in two experiments involving a standardized, hierarchically organized event. In interviews that assessed memory of the event, older subjects reported fewer event actions than did the young. Memory of old and young was influenced similarly by the hierarchical structure of the event. (RH)
Descriptors: Age Differences, Aging (Individuals), Cognitive Ability, Difficulty Level
Infants Use Handrails as Tools in a Locomotor Task.
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Berger, Sarah E.; Adolph, Karen E. – Developmental Psychology, 2003
Two experiments examined problem solving in 16-month-olds' adaptive locomotion (crossing bridges of varying width with/without handrail). Findings indicated that toddlers attempted wide bridges more than narrow ones. Attempts on narrow bridges depended on handrail presence. Toddlers had longer latencies, examined bridge/handrail more closely, and…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Difficulty Level, Experiments, Infant Behavior
Testing-the-Limits and the Study of Adult Age Differences in Cognitive Plasticity of a Mnemonic Skill.
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Kliegl, Reinhold; And Others – Developmental Psychology, 1989
Investigated the range and limits of cognitive reserve capacity as a general approach to the understanding of age differences in cognitive functioning. Group differences were magnified by training to such a degree that age distributions barely overlapped at posttests. The testing-the-limits approach promises increased understanding of cognitive…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Structures, Difficulty Level
Organizing Stories: Effects of Development and Task Difficulty on Referential Cohesion in Narrative.
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Pratt, Michael W.; MacKenzie-Keating, Sandra – Developmental Psychology, 1985
Two experiments were conducted to describe effects of age and task difficulty on referential cohesion of story retellings. It was hypothesized that increased task difficulty would lead to higher error rates for all subject groups: preschoolers, first graders, and adults. Results indicated higher incidence of errors with videotape than with verbal…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Cognitive Style, Communication Skills, Difficulty Level
Components of Line-Drawing Interpretation: A Developmental Study.
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Enns, James T.; King, Katherine A. – Developmental Psychology, 1990
Experiment 1 suggested that age differences in line-drawing interpretation among subjects between 6 and 24 years reflected changes in short-term memory for features and changes in strategies used to integrate features over space and time. Experiment 2 suggested that older observers were more active in their attempts to interpret drawings and that…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Classification, Cognitive Processes, College Students