Among other mechanisms, behavioral and cognitive development entail, on the one hand, contextual scaffolding and, on the other hand, neuromodulation of adaptive neurocognitive representations across the life span. Key brain networks underlying cognition, emotion, and motivation are innervated by major transmitter systems (e.g., the catecholamines…

Seven hundred seventy-nine infants were screened at 4 months of age for motor and emotional reactivity. At age 9 months, infants who showed extreme patterns of motor and negative (n = 75) or motor and positive (n = 73) reactivity and an unselected control group (n = 86) were administered the Laboratory Temperament Assessment Battery, and baseline…

Thirty-eight infants at age one were seen with their mothers in a strange situation test. On the basis of reunion behavior in this situation, each infant was rated for security of attachment to the mother. Maternal behaviors were observed in a mother-child free-play setting when the infants were 21 months old. (JMB)

Temperament is examined from a longitudinal, within-individual perspective in order to investigate short-term change and patterns of temperament changes. For 100 consectutive days five mothers completed a temperament survey, reporting on their own and their two-year-old children's behavior. Patterns of change were identified for both mothers and…

Explored the stability of temperament of 450 Australian children. One of the child's parents completed a measure of the child's temperament at 5 instances between 18 months and 8 years. Approach, irritability, cooperation-manageability, inflexibility, rhythmicity, and persistence factors showed substantial continuity from infancy to eight years.…

To assess relations between behaviors in a particular circumscribed caretaker-child interaction setting and child behavioral dispositions assessed by more extensive observation, caretaker-child interaction data was collected for 40 children across several days in a nursery school free-play setting. These data were related to child behavioral…