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Zhou, Xin; Wang, Luchang; Hong, Xuancu; Wong, Patrick C. M. – Developmental Science, 2024
The speech register that adults especially caregivers use when interacting with infants and toddlers, that is, infant-directed speech (IDS) or baby talk, has been reported to facilitate language development throughout the early years. However, the neural mechanisms as well as why IDS results in such a developmental faciliatory effect remain to be…
Descriptors: Child Language, Infants, Interpersonal Communication, Vocabulary Development
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Yunji Park; Yuan Zhang; Hyesang Chang; Vinod Menon – Developmental Science, 2024
Number sense is fundamental to the development of numerical problem-solving skills. In early childhood, children establish associations between non-symbolic (e.g., a set of dots) and symbolic (e.g., Arabic numerals) representations of quantity. The developmental estrangement theory proposes that the relationship between non-symbolic and symbolic…
Descriptors: Number Concepts, Mathematics Skills, Arithmetic, Training
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Jarrad A. G. Lum; Kaila M. Hamilton; Li-Ann Leow; Welber Marinovic; Ian Fuelscher; Pamela Barhoun; Talitha C. Ford; Aron T. Hill; Samaneh Nahravani; Melissa Kirkovski; Peter G. Enticott; Christian Hyde – Developmental Science, 2025
Procedural learning difficulties are commonly reported in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD), yet the neural basis of this impairment remains unclear. This study addressed this gap by examining the correlation between cortical oscillatory activity and procedural learning of a sequence of finger movements in children with and…
Descriptors: Learning Problems, Learning Disabilities, Developmental Disabilities, Perceptual Motor Coordination
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Virginie Crollen; Margot Buyle; Christine Schiltz; Aliette Lochy – Developmental Science, 2025
Numbers and letters are culturally created symbols that acquire meaning through extensive training, significantly influencing brain function. The distinct hemispheric specialization of cortical regions for these categories has been hypothesized to relate to the co-activated brain networks: the left language regions for letters, and the right…
Descriptors: Deafness, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Hearing (Physiology), Children
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Josué Rico-Picó; M. del Carmen Garcia-de-Soria Bazan; Ángela Conejero; Sebastián Moyano; Ángela Hoyo; María de los Ángeles Ballesteros-Duperón; Karla Holmboe; M. Rosario Rueda – Developmental Science, 2025
Executive control (EC) emerges in the first year of life, with the ability to inhibit prepotent responses (inhibitory control [IC]) and to flexibly readapt (cognitive flexibility [CF]) steadily improving. Simultaneously, electrophysiological brain activity undergoes profound reconfiguration, which has been linked to individual variability in EC.…
Descriptors: Infants, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Brain, Executive Function
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Borja Blanco; Monika Molnar; Irene Arrieta; César Caballero-Gaudes; Manuel Carreiras – Developmental Science, 2025
Language learning is influenced by both neural development and environmental experiences. This work investigates the influence of early bilingual experience on the neural mechanisms underlying speech processing in 4-month-old infants. We study how an early environmental factor such as bilingualism interacts with neural development by comparing…
Descriptors: Brain, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Development, Speech Communication
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Chi-Chuan Chen; Ilaria Berteletti; Daniel C. Hyde – Developmental Science, 2024
Symbolic numeracy first emerges as children learn the meanings of number words and how to use them to precisely count sets of objects. This development starts before children enter school and forms a foundation for lifelong mathematics achievement. Despite its importance, exactly how children acquire this basic knowledge is unclear. Here we test…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Numeracy, Symbols (Mathematics), Computation
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Meiyun Wu; Haotian Liu; Xue Zhao; Li Lu; Yuyang Wang; Chaogang Wei; Yuhe Liu; Yu-Xuan Zhang – Developmental Science, 2025
To reveal the formation process of speech processing with early hearing experiences, we tracked the development of functional connectivity in the auditory and language-related cortical areas of 84 (36 female) congenitally deafened toddlers using repeated functional near-infrared spectroscopy for up to 36 months post cochlear implantation (CI).…
Descriptors: Speech Communication, Language Processing, Auditory Perception, Assistive Technology
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Fang Wang; Blair Kaneshiro; Elizabeth Y. Toomarian; Radhika S. Gosavi; Lindsey R. Hasak; Suanna Moron; Quynh Trang H. Nguyen; Anthony M. Norcia; Bruce D. McCandliss – Developmental Science, 2024
Learning to read depends on the ability to extract precise details of letter combinations, which convey critical information that distinguishes tens of thousands of visual word forms. To support fluent reading skill, one crucial neural developmental process is one's brain sensitivity to statistical constraints inherent in combining letters into…
Descriptors: Alphabets, Reading Ability, Elementary Education, Visual Aids
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Rebecca A. Marks; Courtney Pollack; Steven L. Meisler; Anila M. D'Mello; Tracy M. Centanni; Rachel R. Romeo; Karolina Wade; Anna A. Matejko; Daniel Ansari; John D. E. Gabrieli; Joanna A. Christodoulou – Developmental Science, 2024
Children with dyslexia frequently also struggle with math. However, studies of reading disability (RD) rarely assess math skill, and the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying co-occurring reading and math disability (RD+MD) are not clear. The current study aimed to identify behavioral and neurocognitive factors associated with co-occurring MD among…
Descriptors: Dyslexia, Executive Function, Visual Perception, Spatial Ability
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Melis Çetinçelik; Caroline F. Rowland; Tineke M. Snijders – Developmental Science, 2024
The environment in which infants learn language is multimodal and rich with social cues. Yet, the effects of such cues, such as eye contact, on early speech perception have not been closely examined. This study assessed the role of ostensive speech, signalled through the speaker's eye gaze direction, on infants' word segmentation abilities. A…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Infants, Nonverbal Communication, Word Recognition
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Guerra, Giada; Tierney, Adam; Tijms, Jurgen; Vaessen, Anniek; Bonte, Milene; Dick, Frederic – Developmental Science, 2024
Auditory selective attention forms an important foundation of children's learning by enabling the prioritisation and encoding of relevant stimuli. It may also influence reading development, which relies on metalinguistic skills including the awareness of the sound structure of spoken language. Reports of attentional impairments and speech…
Descriptors: Children, Dyslexia, Auditory Perception, Attention
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Guoyan Feng; Linling Shen; Liping Shi; Xiaohui Yan; Yuqiong Liang; Lili Zhang; Shuyi Zuo; Yu Wu; Fan Cao – Developmental Science, 2025
Most behavioral interventions on reading disability (RD) have been developed in alphabetic languages and are phonologically-based. Chinese is a morpho-syllabic language in which each character represents a morpheme and a syllable. Therefore, phonologically-based interventions may not be most helpful in Chinese. In this study, we compared a…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Intervention, Phonological Awareness, Morphology (Languages)
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Caroline Kelsey; Adelia Kamenetskiy; Kaitlin Mulligan; Carly Tiras; Michaela Kent; Laurie Bayet; John Richards; Michelle Bosquet Enlow; Charles A. Nelson – Developmental Science, 2025
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies with adults provide evidence that functional brain networks, including the default mode network and frontoparietal network, underlie executive functioning (EF). However, given the challenges of using fMRI with infants and young children, little work has assessed the developmental trajectories of…
Descriptors: Infants, Toddlers, Preschool Children, Young Children
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Lindsay C. Bowman; Amanda C. Brandone – Developmental Science, 2024
Behavioral research demonstrates a critical transition in preschooler's mental-state understanding (i.e., theory of mind; ToM), revealed most starkly in performance on tasks about a character's false belief (e.g., about an object's location). Questions remain regarding the neural and cognitive processes differentiating children who pass versus…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Cognitive Processes, Theory of Mind
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