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de Resende, Briseida Dogo; Ottoni, Eduardo B.; Fragaszy, Dorothy M. – Developmental Science, 2008
How do capuchin monkeys learn to use stones to crack open nuts? Perception-action theory posits that individuals explore producing varying spatial and force relations among objects and surfaces, thereby learning about affordances of such relations and how to produce them. Such learning supports the discovery of tool use. We present longitudinal…
Descriptors: Spatial Ability, Prediction, Social Influences, Infants
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Killing, Sarah E. A.; Bishop, Dorothy V. M. – Developmental Science, 2008
Forty toddlers aged 20 to 24 months were presented with 32 pairs of images with the auditory stimulus Look followed by the name of the target image (e.g. "Look...tree") in an intermodal preferential looking (IPL) paradigm. The same series of 16 items was presented first with one image as target and then with the other member of the pair as target.…
Descriptors: Feedback (Response), Toddlers, Visual Stimuli, Individual Differences
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Haddad, Jeffrey M.; Kloos, Heidi; Keen, Rachel – Developmental Science, 2008
Three-year-olds were given a search task with conflicting cues about the target's location. A ball rolled behind a transparent screen and stopped behind one of four opaque doors mounted into the screen. A wall that protruded above one door provided a visible cue of blockage in the ball's path, while the transparent screen allowed visual tracking…
Descriptors: Cues, Eye Movements, Conflict, Error Patterns
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Robertson, Steven S.; Guckenheimer, John; Masnick, Amy M.; Bacher, Leigh F. – Developmental Science, 2004
Human infants actively forage for visual information from the moment of birth onward. Although we know a great deal about how stimulus characteristics influence looking behavior in the first few postnatal weeks, we know much less about the intrinsic dynamics of the behavior. Here we show that a simple stochastic dynamical system acts…
Descriptors: Visual Stimuli, Infants, Visual Perception, Eye Movements
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Meltzoff, Andrew N. – Developmental Science, 2007
Infants represent the acts of others and their own acts in commensurate terms. They can recognize cross-modal equivalences between acts they see others perform and their own felt bodily movements. This recognition of self-other equivalences in action gives rise to interpreting others as having similar psychological states such as perceptions and…
Descriptors: Social Cognition, Infants, Cognitive Development, Social Development
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Spelke, Elizabeth S.; Kinzler, Katherine D. – Developmental Science, 2007
Human cognition is founded, in part, on four systems for representing objects, actions, number, and space. It may be based, as well, on a fifth system for representing social partners. Each system has deep roots in human phylogeny and ontogeny, and it guides and shapes the mental lives of adults. Converging research on human infants, non-human…
Descriptors: Infants, Knowledge Level, Cognitive Development, Animals
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Livingston, Kenneth R.; Andrews, Janet K. – Developmental Science, 2005
After learning to categorize a set of alien-like stimuli in the context of a story, a group of 5-year-old children and adults judged pairs of stimuli from different categories to be less similar than did groups not learning the category distinction. In a same-different task, the learning group made more errors on pairs of non-identical stimuli…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Young Children, Adults, Concept Formation