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Fosco, Whitney D.; Meisel, Samuel N.; Weigard, Alexander; White, Corey N.; Colder, Craig R. – Developmental Science, 2022
Studies of reward effects on behavior in adolescence typically rely on performance metrics that confound myriad cognitive and non-cognitive processes, making it challenging to determine which process is impacted by reward. The present longitudinal study applied the diffusion decision model to a reward task to isolate the influence of reward on…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Rewards, Behavior, Reaction Time
Farran, Emily K.; Purser, Harry R. M.; Jarrold, Christopher; Thomas, Michael S. C.; Scerif, Gaia; Stojanovik, Vesna; Van Herwegen, Jo – Developmental Science, 2024
Williams syndrome (WS) is a rare genetic syndrome. As with all rare syndromes, obtaining adequately powered sample sizes is a challenge. Here we present legacy data from seven UK labs, enabling the characterisation of cross-sectional and longitudinal developmental trajectories of verbal and non-verbal development in the largest sample of…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Verbal Communication, Nonverbal Communication, Communication Skills
Amrita Bains; Annaliese Barber; Tau Nell; Pablo Ripollés; Saloni Krishnan – Developmental Science, 2024
Relatively little work has focused on why we are motivated to learn words. In adults, recent experiments have shown that intrinsic reward signals accompany successful word learning from context. In addition, the experience of reward facilitated long-term memory for words. In adolescence, developmental changes are seen in reward and motivation…
Descriptors: Vocabulary Development, Children, Adolescents, Motivation
Keller, Arielle S.; Mackey, Allyson P.; Pines, Adam; Fair, Damien; Feczko, Eric; Hoffmann, Mauricio S.; Salum, Giovanni A.; Barzilay, Ran; Satterthwaite, Theodore D. – Developmental Science, 2023
Individual differences in cognitive abilities emerge early during development, and children with poorer cognition are at increased risk for adverse outcomes as they enter adolescence. Caregiving plays an important role in supporting cognitive development, yet it remains unclear how specific types of caregiving behaviors may shape cognition,…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Caregiver Role, Cognitive Development, Family Income
Schwartz, Flora; Zhang, Yuan; Chang, Hyesang; Karraker, Shelby; Kang, Julia Boram; Menon, Vinod – Developmental Science, 2021
Mathematical knowledge is constructed hierarchically from basic understanding of quantities and the symbols that denote them. Discrimination of numerical quantity in both symbolic and non-symbolic formats has been linked to mathematical problem-solving abilities. However, little is known of the extent to which overlap in quantity representations…
Descriptors: Arithmetic, Mathematics Skills, Elementary School Students, Young Adults
Joan E. Foley; Thomas M. Olino; Marsha Weinraub – Developmental Science, 2025
Researchers have demonstrated the important contribution of mothers' sensitive parenting to children's developing cognition over the first 5 years of life, yet studies examining sensitivity beyond the early years, controlling for earlier effects, are limited. In this exploratory study, we examined the developmental pathways through which mothers'…
Descriptors: Mothers, Parent Child Relationship, Parenting Styles, Children
Debnath, Ranjan; Tang, Alva; Zeanah, Charles H.; Nelson, Charles A.; Fox, Nathan A. – Developmental Science, 2020
Exposure to early psychosocial deprivation as a result of institutional care disrupts typical brain development. The Bucharest Early Intervention Project (BEIP) is the first longitudinal study to investigate the neurodevelopment of institutionalized infants randomized to a foster care (FCG) intervention versus care as usual (CAUG). Here, we…
Descriptors: Foster Care, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Placement, Child Development
Sheridan, Margaret A.; Shi, Feng; Miller, Adam B.; Salhi, Carmel; McLaughlin, Katie A. – Developmental Science, 2020
Exposure to childhood adversity is common and associated with a host of negative developmental outcomes. The most common approach used to examine the consequences of adversity exposure is a cumulative risk model. Recently, we have proposed a novel approach, the dimensional model of adversity and psychopathology (DMAP), where different dimensions…
Descriptors: Child Development, Well Being, Child Health, Adolescents
Zeytinoglu, Selin; Tang, Alva; Zeanah, Charles H.; Nelson, Charles A.; Almas, Alisa N.; Fox, Nathan A. – Developmental Science, 2023
Institutional rearing negatively impacts the development of children's social skills and executive functions (EF). However, little is known about whether childhood social skills mediate the effects of the foster care intervention (FCG) and foster caregiving quality following early institutional rearing on EF and social skills in adolescence. We…
Descriptors: Foster Care, Intervention, Caregiver Child Relationship, Executive Function
Chen Li; Emma R. Hart; Robert J. Duncan; Tyler W. Watts – Developmental Science, 2023
During childhood, the ability to limit problem behaviors (i.e., externalizing) and the capacity for cognitive regulation (i.e., executive function) are often understood to develop in tandem, and together constitute two major components of self-regulation research. The current study examines bi-directional relations between behavioral problems and…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Child Behavior, Self Control, Executive Function
Jones, Jonathan S.; Astle, Duncan E. – Developmental Science, 2022
Functional connectivity within and between Intrinsic Connectivity Networks (ICNs) transforms over development and is thought to support high order cognitive functions. But how variable is this process, and does it diverge with altered cognitive development? We investigated age-related changes in integration and segregation within and between ICNs…
Descriptors: At Risk Persons, Children, Adolescents, Cognitive Development
Mengya Xia; John K. Coffey; Gregory M. Fosco – Developmental Science, 2024
Feeling loved by one's caregiver is essential for individual flourishing (i.e., high levels of psychological well-being in multiple dimensions). Although similar constructs are found to benefit adolescent well-being, research that directly tests parental love as a feeling from the recipient's perspective is rare. Historically, parental love has…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Adolescent Development, Parents, Parent Child Relationship
Schäfer, Julia Luiza; McLaughlin, Katie A.; Manfro, Gisele Gus; Pan, Pedro; Rohde, Luis Augusto; Miguel, Eurípedes Constantino; Simioni, André; Hoffmann, Maurício Scopel; Salum, Giovanni Abrahão – Developmental Science, 2023
Exposure to childhood adversity has been consistently associated with poor developmental outcomes, but it is unclear whether these associations vary across different forms of adversity. We examined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between threat and deprivation with cognition, emotional processing, and psychopathology in a…
Descriptors: Child Behavior, Children, Adolescents, Disadvantaged Environment
Gard, Arianna M.; Maxwell, Andrea M.; Shaw, Daniel S.; Mitchell, Colter; Brooks-Gunn, Jeanne; McLanahan, Sara S.; Forbes, Erika E.; Monk, Christopher S.; Hyde, Luke W. – Developmental Science, 2021
A growing literature suggests that adversity is associated with later altered brain function, particularly within the corticolimbic system that supports emotion processing and salience detection (e.g., amygdala, prefrontal cortex [PFC]). Although neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage has been shown to predict maladaptive behavioral outcomes,…
Descriptors: Brain, Disadvantaged Environment, Neighborhoods, Individual Development
Starkey, Leighann; Aber, J. Lawrence; Crossman, Angela – Developmental Science, 2019
Exposure to community violence is thought to create risk for the social and emotional development of children, including those children living in low-income, conflict-affected countries. In the absence of other types of community resources, schools may be one of the few community resources that can help buffer children from the negative effects of…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Educational Environment, Violence, Children