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Autonomic Profiles and Self-Regulation Outcomes in Early Childhood
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Zeytinoglu, Selin; Calkins, Susan D.; Leerkes, Esther M. – Developmental Science, 2022
This study examined autonomic profiles in preschoolers (N = 278, age = 4.7 years) and their relations to self-regulation outcomes concurrently and one year later, in kindergarten. Children's sympathetic (preejection period [PEP]) and parasympathetic activity (respiratory sinus arrythmia [RSA]) were measured at rest and during cognitive and…
Descriptors: Profiles, Preschool Children, Self Control, Kindergarten
Examining Relations between Performance on Non-Verbal Executive Function and Verbal Self-Regulation Tasks in Demographically-Diverse Populations
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Dutra, Natália B.; Chen, Lydia; Anum, Adote; Burger, Oskar; Davis, Helen E.; Dzokoto, Vivian A.; Fong, Frankie T. K.; Ghelardi, Sabrina; Mendez, Kimberly; Messer, Emily J. E.; Newhouse, Morgan; Nielsen, Mark G.; Ramos, Karlos; Rawlings, Bruce; dos Santos, Renan A. C.; Silveira, Lara G. S.; Tucker-Drob, Elliot M.; Legare, Cristine H. – Developmental Science, 2022
Self-regulation is a widely studied construct, generally assumed to be cognitively supported by executive functions (EFs). There is a lack of clarity and consensus over the roles of specific components of EFs in self-regulation. The current study examines the relations between performance on (a) a self-regulation task (Heads, Toes, Knees Shoulders…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Self Control, Short Term Memory, Visual Perception
Partial Agreement between Task and BRIEF-P-Based EF Measures Depends on School Socioeconomic Status
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Nin, Verónica; Delgado, Hernán; Muniz-Terrera, Graciela; Carboni, Alejandra – Developmental Science, 2022
Executive functions (EF), either conceptualized as skills involved in regulation of cognition and emotion in service of goal-oriented behavior, or reductively as working memory, flexibility and inhibitory control, are commonly invoked constructs in developmental science. Two main traditions on EFs measurement prevail, one consisting of ratings…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Cognitive Measurement, Behavior Rating Scales, Preschool Children
Short Report: Improving Motor Competence Skills in Early Childhood Has Corollary Benefits for Executive Function and Numeracy Skills
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Hudson, Kesha N.; Ballou, Haley M.; Willoughby, Michael T. – Developmental Science, 2021
Previous studies have documented that individual differences in fine and gross motor skills are associated with executive function (EF) skills. This study used an experimental design to test whether participating in cognitively challenging motor skills activities was causally related to improvements in motor skills and two key indicators of school…
Descriptors: Psychomotor Skills, Competence, Executive Function, Numeracy
Socioeconomic Status and Executive Function in Early Childhood: Exploring Proximal Mechanisms
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Vrantsidis, Daphne M.; Clark, Caron A. C.; Chevalier, Nicolas; Espy, Kimberly Andrews; Wiebe, Sandra A. – Developmental Science, 2020
Although there is substantial evidence that socioeconomic status (SES) predicts children's executive function (EF), the mechanisms underlying this association are poorly understood. This study tested the utility of two theories proposed to link SES to children's EF: the family stress model and the family investment model. Data came from the…
Descriptors: Socioeconomic Status, Executive Function, Young Children, Correlation
Childhood Poverty, Chronic Stress, and Young Adult Working Memory: The Protective Role of Self-Regulatory Capacity
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Evans, Gary W.; Fuller-Rowell, Thomas E. – Developmental Science, 2013
Prior research shows that childhood poverty as well as chronic stress can damage children's executive functioning (EF) capacities, including working memory. However, it is also clear that not all children suffer the same degree of adverse consequences from risk exposure. We show that chronic stress early in life (ages 9-13) links childhood…
Descriptors: Poverty, Stress Variables, Children, Child Development