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Michelle L. Rizzella; Edward J. O'Brien – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2024
We examined the impact of prospective information on the processing of information occurring within the present timeline of narrative stories. Participants read target sentences that were consistent with events occurring within a protagonist's present timeline but inconsistent with events in the protagonist's future. When prospective information…
Descriptors: Information Literacy, Information Processing, Sentences, Memory
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Bohn-Gettler, Catherine M. – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2019
Comprehension models do not often account for the multifaceted and emotionally charged nature of reading in real-world settings. In addition, studies of how reader emotions influence comprehension often yield conflicting findings due to lack of specificity regarding the process, emotion, and task under investigation. The PET (Process, Emotion,…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Psychological Patterns, Models, Influences
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Sonia, Allison N.; O'Brien, Edward J. – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2021
The coherence threshold marks the point at which a reader has gained a sufficient comprehension level to move on in a text. Previous research has demonstrated that the readers' coherence threshold can be manipulated by increasing or decreasing task demands. The present experiments examined a manipulation of the coherence threshold within the text…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Difficulty Level, Comparative Analysis, Reading Rate
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Braasch, Jason L. G.; Kessler, Erica D. – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2021
Comprehension substantially benefits from attending to, thinking about, and mentally representing the sources of any presented information. Such processes require mental effort and unfortunately people do not always engage in such activities. The current article presents a nascent, evolving model of discourse comprehension that formalizes…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Reading Comprehension, Discourse Analysis, Prediction
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D'Mello, Sidney K.; Southwell, Rosy; Gregg, Julie – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2020
We propose that machine-learned computational models (MLCMs), in which the model parameters and perhaps even structure are learned from data, can complement extant approaches to the study of text and discourse. Such models are particularly useful when theoretical understanding is insufficient, when the data are rife with nonlinearities and…
Descriptors: Discourse Analysis, Computer Software, Intervention, Computational Linguistics
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Ryan D. Kopatich; Joseph P. Magliano; Keith K. Millis; Christopher P. Parker; Melissa Ray – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2019
A large body of work has demonstrated that reader resources influence inference processes and comprehension, but few models of comprehension have accounted for such resources. The Direct and Mediational Inference model of comprehension (DIME) assumes that general inference processes mediate the effects of reader resources on general comprehension…
Descriptors: Reading Tests, Intelligence Tests, Inferences, Reading Comprehension
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Mekni Toujani, Marwa – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2020
One of the major aims of discourse-processing literature is to understand whether and when readers form discourse-level representations online. To test this, two word-by-word, self-paced reading experiments investigated the time course of integrating incoming information about the protagonist into the unfolding discourse-level representation in…
Descriptors: Semitic Languages, Native Language, Discourse Analysis, Reading Processes
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Morishima, Yasunori – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2013
For native (L1) comprehenders, lower-level language processes such as lexical access and parsing are considered to consume few cognitive resources. In contrast, these processes pose considerable demands for second-language (L2) comprehenders. Two reading-time experiments employing inconsistency detection found that English learners did not detect…
Descriptors: Native Language, Second Language Learning, Cognitive Processes, Language Processing
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McNerney, M. Windy; Goodwin, Kerri A.; Radvansky, Gabriel A. – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2011
One of the basic findings on situation models and language comprehension is that reading times are affected by the changing event structure in a text. However, many studies have traditionally used multiple, relatively short texts, in which there is little event consistency across the texts. It is unclear to what extent such changes will be…
Descriptors: Syntax, Novels, Models, Performance Factors
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Mitchell, Heather H.; Graesser, Arthur C.; Louwerse, Max M. – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2010
Two experiments were conducted to assess the effects of various constraints on the processing of jokes. Participants read humorous jokes and nonhumorous alternatives of the jokes, which were presented in 3 conditions that manipulated discourse context (comedy, political, and control). In Experiment 1, participants rated the funniness of texts and…
Descriptors: Context Effect, Eye Movements, Humor, Cognitive Processes
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Dutke, Stephan; Baadte, Christiane; Hahnel, Andrea; von Hecker, Ulrich; Rinck, Mike – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2010
During reading, the model of the situation described by the text is continuously accommodated to new text input. The hypothesis was tested that readers are particularly sensitive to diagnostic text information that can be used to constrain their existing situation model. In 3 experiments, adult participants read narratives about social situations…
Descriptors: Reading, Text Structure, Social Environment, Figurative Language
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Blanc, Nathalie; Kendeou, Panayiota; van den Broek, Paul; Brouillet, Denis – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2008
Two studies explored the conditions under which readers update their representation of news reports in the presence of alternative plausible explanations for a target event. To do so, this study asked readers to read news reports that mentioned 2 different causes to explain the occurrence of a single event. This study manipulated which of the 2…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Reading Comprehension, Inferences, News Reporting
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Gygax, Pascal; Tapiero, Isabelle; Carruzzo, Emanuelle – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2007
This paper provides an explanation for the nonspecificity of emotion inferences found in previous research [e.g., Language and Cognitive Processes, 19(5), 613-638, 2004]. We first demonstrate that behavioral components of emotions, as opposed to emotions per se, are better markers of readers' mental representations of the main character's…
Descriptors: Models, Psychological Patterns, Inferences, Pacing
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Therriault, David J.; Raney, Gary E. – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2007
According to current theories in discourse research, readers monitor a series of 5 situational dimensions during narrative comprehension (Zwaan, Langston, & Graesser, 1995; Zwaan & Radvansky, 1998). These dimensions are time (e.g., the order of events), space (e.g., locations), protagonist (e.g., main character actions), causality (e.g., how one…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Discourse Analysis, Story Telling, Experiments
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Cook, Anne E.; Gueraud, Sabine – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2005
In recent years, memory-based and explanation-based theories have dominated the discourse processing literature. Numerous studies have been conducted to show support for each of the two views. Most of these studies have manipulated factors in the episodic memory trace of texts, without a great deal of focus on how general world knowledge impacts…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Memory, Language Processing, Reading Processes