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Zhou, Jiawen; Cao, Yi – ETS Research Report Series, 2020
In this study, we explored retest effects on test scores and response time for repeaters, examinees who retake an examination. We looked at two groups of repeaters: those who took the same form twice and those who took different forms on their two attempts for a certification and licensure test. Scores improved over the two test attempts, and…
Descriptors: Testing, Test Items, Computer Assisted Testing, Licensing Examinations (Professions)
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Lopez, Alexis A.; Guzman-Orth, Danielle; Zapata-Rivera, Diego; Forsyth, Carolyn M.; Luce, Christine – ETS Research Report Series, 2021
Substantial progress has been made toward applying technology enhanced conversation-based assessments (CBAs) to measure the English-language proficiency of English learners (ELs). CBAs are conversation-based systems that use conversations among computer-animated agents and a test taker. We expanded the design and capability of prior…
Descriptors: Accuracy, English Language Learners, Language Proficiency, Language Tests
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Yamamoto, Kentaro; He, Qiwei; Shin, Hyo Jeong; von Davier, Mattias – ETS Research Report Series, 2017
Approximately a third of the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) items in the core domains (math, reading, and science) are constructed-response items and require human coding (scoring). This process is time-consuming, expensive, and prone to error as often (a) humans code inconsistently, and (b) coding reliability in…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Achievement Tests, International Assessment, Secondary School Students