This study examines district-run and charter schools in Oakland across three dimensions: (1) student need (2) resource levels, and (3) resource use. We analyzed data for the 2014-15 school year from every school run by Oakland Unified School District (OUSD), as well as 32 charter schools, which serve 88% of all the charter school students in Oakland. In some cases, we also compared Oakland to a set of peer districts from around California or around the country. This research was guided by a Citywide Study Steering Committee--a group of Oakland district leaders, charter leaders, and education advocates. The purpose of the study was to build a shared fact base. While this project aspires to ultimately impact student outcomes, we focused this analysis on resources and needs rather than performance outcomes. We believe that such a report is the first step in helping the many stakeholders in Oakland to explore new opportunities and solutions to common challenges. [This report was written with the Oakland Achieves Partnership. Additional funding for this research was provided by the Rogers Family Foundation, Educate78, and the Hastings Fund.]