In the human-to-human Collaborative Problem Solving (CPS) test, students' problem-solving process reflects the interdependency among partners. The high interdependency in CPS makes it very sensitive to group composition. For example, the group outcome might be driven by a highly competent group member, so it does not reflect all the individual…

This article presents an analysis of contradictions expressed by pre-service mathematics teachers when performing two modeling tasks using their own technological devices. The study is based on theoretical aspects of contradictions in the fields of expansive learning and modeling with digital technologies. Technology and modeling tasks were…