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Validity: Whose Construction Is It in the Teaching and Learning Context?
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Tittle, Carol Kehr – Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 1989
An expanded framework for validating tests is needed to include the perspectives of teachers and students as well as of test makers and scientists. The development of educational assessments must take place within an understanding of how tests are used in context. (SLD)
Descriptors: Educational Assessment, Elementary Secondary Education, Evaluation Utilization, Learning Processes
Assessment Theory and Research for Classrooms: From "Taxonomies" to Constructing Meaning in Context.
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Tittle, Carol Kehr; And Others – Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 1993
Major changes in educational and psychological theories that have come about since the cognitive and affective taxonomies of educational objectives were published in 1956 and 1964 are traced. The changes emphasize the need to understand thinking in the context of students' beliefs and self-directed cognitions. (SLD)
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Affective Behavior, Classification, Classroom Research