According to the Council of Europe, educators lack awareness on the topic of digital citizenship education and its importance to educate youngsters to move critically in a highly digitalized world. It is a core component of Digital Citizenship Education (DCE) to promote democratic competences, including critical reflection, the development of…

This study examined how six teachers designed and implemented engaging learning experiences with information communication technologies (ICT) that involved pupils as active participants in learning. Each teacher designed and taught a unit of work (topic) and was observed for two lessons within the unit. The first observation occurred with only the…