This paper presents our efforts to develop a scale for measuring students' learning experiences with knowledge-based chatbots in massive open online courses (MOOCs) through three studies. In Study 1, we conducted a qualitative synthesis of the current literature and analyzed students' open-ended responses regarding their experiences with a…

The purpose of this study is to develop a standardized measurement tool that can be used to determine the participation styles of individuals participating in online instructional discussions. The scale consists of two dimensions called 'Why' and 'How.' The Why dimension comprises the main motivators of the participants' participation in online…

At present, with the rapid development of the internet and the gradual promotion of online collaborative learning, the social regulation of learning is receiving increasing attention, which involves socially shared metacognition, one facet of social metacognition. To date, social regulation of learning or socially shared metacognition have been…

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a content analysis model for assessing students' cognitive learning in asynchronous online discussions. It adopted a fully mixed methods design, in which qualitative and quantitative methods were employed sequentially for data analysis and interpretation. Specifically, the design was a…