Psychologists are emphasizing the importance of predictive conclusions. Machine learning methods, such as supervised neural networks, have been used in psychological studies as they naturally fit prediction tasks. However, we are concerned about whether neural networks fitted with random datasets (i.e., datasets where there is no relationship…

Intelligence test scores were found to predict achievement in high school chemistry more accurately than the Piaget-derived Longeot Test Scores. However, the construct measured by the Longeot is more clearly defined than the construct measured by the intelligence test. In this respect, the Longeot measure may be preferable to the intelligence…