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Direct linkLaVoie, Noelle; Parker, James; Legree, Peter J.; Ardison, Sharon; Kilcullen, Robert N. – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2020
Automated scoring based on Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) has been successfully used to score essays and constrained short answer responses. Scoring tests that capture open-ended, short answer responses poses some challenges for machine learning approaches. We used LSA techniques to score short answer responses to the Consequences Test, a measure…
Descriptors: Semantics, Evaluators, Essays, Scoring
Breland, Hunter; Lee, Yong-Won; Muraki, Eiji – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2005
Eighty-three Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) writing prompts administered via computer-based testing between July 1998 and August 2000 were examined for differences attributable to the response mode (handwriting or word processing) chosen by examinees. Differences were examined statistically using polytomous logistic regression. A…
Descriptors: Evaluation Methods, Word Processing, Handwriting, Effect Size
