The consequences of the assumption that the expected score is equal to the true score are shown and alternatives discussed. (MS)

Estimates for the variances of empirically determined scoring weights are given. It is also shown that test item writers should write distractors that discriminate on the criterion variable when this type of scoring is used. (Author)

This study investigates four widely used methods of collecting direct similarity judgments for nonmetric multidimensional scaling: rating scale, triads, rank order of pairs, and conditional rank order. (Author/PN)

Data from 2-, 3-, 6-, and 7-point rating scales were analyzed to determine whether scale length affected response patterns. Results indicate that data configurations are relatively invariant with changes in number of scale points. (Author)

Directions are provided for the construction of a reduced size Rod and Frame Test. Simpler and less expensive, the proposed apparatus has criterion validity parallel to that of the full-sized. (GS)

A computer program providing comprehensive test and item analysis is presented. Completing its performance on one run, the program, written in Fortran and emphasizing ease of use, integrates various statistical techniques for analyzing individual items and the overall test, in addition to generating a variety of standard scores. (Author/JKS)

A new formula for the correction for chance success due to guessing was advanced and investigated, the mathematical solution of which has the property of equating the scores of fast and slow examinees of equal ability. (Author/JKS)

Describes a revised version of the Preschool Racial Attitude Measure, designated PRAM II, and presents initial standardization data for the new procedure. (Author/RC)

An algorithm for updating the means of variances of a norm group after each computer-assisted administration of a test is described. The algorithm does not require storage of the whole data set, and provides for unlimited, continuous expansion of the test norms. (Author)

The extent to which testing practices complied with professional guidelines regarding reliability and validity evidence was studied in research appearing in American Psychological Association journals. Documentation of reliability and validity was reported for 20% of the 2,157 instruments studied in these papers. About half supported one or the…

The predictive ability of a mathematics test organized into a branching test for computer-interactive administration was investigated. Twenty-five blocks of five items were used in the branching. Each testee took 25 items, with each subsequent block being determined by prior performance. Results supported the branching technique. (JKS)

The Ethical Reasoning Inventory (ERI) is an objective test derived from Kohlberg's Moral Judgment Interview. It correlated higher with Kohlberg , and has higher internal consistency than the Defining Issues Test and the Moral Judgment Scale. (CP)