Various indices for measuring agreement among several raters on the presence or absence of a trait can be interpreted as intraclass correlation coefficients. Such a reformulation clarifies the relationships among the measures, simplifies the computations involved, and permits simple significance tests to be carried out. An illustrative example is…

A comparison of measures of association for 2x2 data was carried out by computer analysis. For each of 1,539 tables, 14 measures of association were calculated and evaluated. A measure based on the odds-ratio (Chambers, 1982) was most accurate in capturing the rho underlying a majority of the tables. (Author/BW)

Using a factorially complex test on a highly homogeneous population is explored, and a procedure is demonstrated that can statistically justify using a cognitive test on which Cronbach's alpha is low. The example involves 649 accountants (auditors). Results indicate that unbundling test and sample provides justification for using the data. (SLD)

The use of reliability generalization methodology promises to, among other things, inform researchers about the importance of reporting reliability coefficients and their use in result interpretation. This study presents results from a reliability generalization study of the Self-Description Questionnaire (SDQ). The average score reliabilities…

Recent theoretical analyses of the concept of suppression are identified and discussed. A generalized definition of suppression is presented and the conditions for suppressor structures in the context of the General Linear Model are derived. (Author)

A method is presented for the construction of an artificial data set which will illustrate the behavior of the traditional, the negative, and the reciprocal suppressor variable in multiple regression analysis. It extends the method of Dayton (1972) and includes the previously reciprocal suppression defined by Conger (1974). (Author)

A short description of cross-lagged correlation technique (CLC) in its most common form, a sketch of recent major criticisms of CLC as a test for causality, and a moderate appraisal of CLC as an exploratory technique are offered. (Author/PN)

A review of the development of canonical correlation is presented and insufficiencies in applications from the literature are summarized. A list of analytical procedures for use in canonical correlation is detailed. The relationship between analysis and interpretation is emphasized. An example is presented. (JKS)

Studied a two-stage methodology for evaluating differential item functioning (DIF) in large-scale assessment data using a sample of 60,000 students taking a large-scale assessment. Findings illustrate the merit of iterative approached for DIF detection, since items identified at one stage were not necessarily the same as those identified at the…

META-RAND, a Statistical Analysis System macro that generates random values used for calculating correlations in a meta analysis, is described. Output consists of uncorrected and corrected mean and variances of "r" and several measures of the degree of homogeneity or heterogeneity in the data. (SLD)

This article describes the theoretical distribution of optima arising from two-category univariable optimal discriminant analysis (UniODA) of continuous random data for a one-tailed (directional) hypothesis. Directional UniODA is illustrated through an investigation of the relationship between depression and brain monoamine turnover. (SLD)

Seven approaches to averaging reliability coefficients are presented. Each approach starts with a unique definition of the concept of "average," and no approach is more correct than the others. Six of the approaches are applicable to internal consistency coefficients. The seventh approach is specific to alternate-forms coefficients. Although the…

Sixteen measures of reliability for two-category nominal scales are compared. Upon correcting for chance agreement, there are only five distinct indices: Fleiss's modification of A-sub-1, the phi coefficient, Cohen's kappa, and two intraclass coefficients. Recommendations for choosing an agreement index are made based on definitions, magnitude,…