A study of the frequency of looking both ways before crossing a street revealed that both males and females tend to look both ways more often when accompanied by juveniles than when alone, and that when males and females are together, males look both ways more often than do females. (Author/MA)

A series of urban and highway litter experiments in Richmond (Virginia), St. Louis, and Philadelphia indicated well-designed litter cans reduced littering about 15 percent along city streets and nearly 30 percent along highways. Also, the propensity to litter is critically affected by the characteristics of the individual and environmental…

Because overuse is causing ecological deterioration and user dissatisfaction, a travel behavior model is needed that predicts intensity of use as a function of user characteristics, entry rates by access points, physical characteristics of the area, alternative management policies, and intervening events. The Markov renewal theory is discussed as…

Roger Barker, influenced by Lewin, developed a powerful theory in psychology, behavior setting theory. Paradoxically, this theory is still not widely known or understood in mainstream American psychology. Oral histories of the core group who worked with Barker were collected and examined to determine influences on them and subsequent directions in…

This review summarizes the present state of knowledge concerning littering behavior. Available studies are categorized according to the variables that influence littering--individual and environmental. Theoretical issues of attitude-behavior consistency and incentive effectiveness are analyzed with respect to littering and litter control. Results…

Describes an investigation which was designed to probe the extent to which environmentally concerned citizens share general patterns of ideological and demographic characteristics. Discusses implications, in terms of need to unify a diverse constituency, so as to strengthen the ecology movement. (LK)