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Viera, Carolina; Arispe, Kelly – Foreign Language Annals, 2022
Higher education Spanish programs in the United States are diverse and complex, especially when it comes to student linguistic background. However, most studies on language proficiency were designed for traditional learners (L2s). In this study, we examine oral proficiency development of 125 Spanish majors in light of four linguistic profiles:…
Descriptors: Language Proficiency, Oral Language, College Second Language Programs, Native Language