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Large Language Models and Intelligent Tutoring Systems: Conflicting Paradigms and Possible Solutions

Punya Mishra; Danielle S. McNamara; Gregory Goodwin; Diego Zapata-Rivera – Grantee Submission, 2025
The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has fundamentally disrupted our thinking about educational technology. Their ability to engage in natural dialogue, provide contextually relevant responses, and adapt to learner needs has led many to envision them as powerful tools for personalized learning. This emergence raises important questions about…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Technology Uses in Education, Educational Technology
Laura K. Allen; Sarah C. Creer; Püren Öncel – Grantee Submission, 2022
As educators turn to technology to supplement classroom instruction, the integration of natural language processing (NLP) into educational technologies is vital for increasing student success. NLP involves the use of computers to analyze and respond to human language, including students' responses to a variety of assignments and tasks. While NLP…
Descriptors: Natural Language Processing, Learning Analytics, Learning Processes, Methods
Ying Fang; Rod D. Roscoe; Danielle S. McNamara – Grantee Submission, 2023
Artificial Intelligence (AI) based assessments are commonly used in a variety of settings including business, healthcare, policing, manufacturing, and education. In education, AI-based assessments undergird intelligent tutoring systems as well as many tools used to evaluate students and, in turn, guide learning and instruction. This chapter…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Computer Assisted Testing, Student Evaluation, Evaluation Methods

Ha Tien Nguyen; Conrad Borchers; Meng Xia; Vincent Aleven – Grantee Submission, 2024
Intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) can help students learn successfully, yet little work has explored the role of caregivers in shaping that success. Past interventions to support caregivers in supporting their child's homework have been largely disjunct from educational technology. The paper presents prototyping design research with nine middle…
Descriptors: Middle School Mathematics, Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Caregivers, Caregiver Attitudes
Jia Tracy Shen; Michiharu Yamashita; Ethan Prihar; Neil Heffernan; Xintao Wu; Sean McGrew; Dongwon Lee – Grantee Submission, 2021
Educational content labeled with proper knowledge components (KCs) are particularly useful to teachers or content organizers. However, manually labeling educational content is labor intensive and error-prone. To address this challenge, prior research proposed machine learning based solutions to auto-label educational content with limited success.…
Descriptors: Mathematics Education, Knowledge Level, Video Technology, Educational Technology
Danielle S. McNamara; Tracy Arner; Reese Butterfuss; Debshila Basu Mallick; Andrew S. Lan; Rod D. Roscoe; Henry L. Roediger; Richard G. Baraniuk – Grantee Submission, 2022
The learning sciences inherently involve interdisciplinary research with an overarching objective of advancing theories of learning and to inform the design and implementation of effective instructional methods and learning technologies. In these endeavors, learning sciences encompass diverse constructs, measures, processes, and outcomes…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Learning Processes, Learning Motivation, Educational Research
Danielle S. McNamara; Tracy Arner; Elizabeth Reilley; Paul Alvarado; Chani Clark; Thomas Fikes; Annie Hale; Betheny Weigele – Grantee Submission, 2022
Accounting for complex interactions between contextual variables and learners' individual differences in aptitudes and background requires building the means to connect and access learner data at large scales, across time, and in multiple contexts. This paper describes the ASU Learning@Scale (L@S) project to develop a digital learning network…
Descriptors: Electronic Learning, Educational Technology, Networks, Learning Analytics
Lippert, Anne; Shubeck, Keith; Morgan, Brent; Hampton, Andrew; Graesser, Arthur – Grantee Submission, 2020
This article describes designs that use multiple conversational agents within the framework of intelligent tutoring systems. Agents in this case are computerized talking heads or embodied animated avatars that help students learn by performing actions and holding conversations with them in natural language. The earliest conversational intelligent…
Descriptors: Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Man Machine Systems, Natural Language Processing, Educational Technology
Subramonyam, Hariharan; Seifert, Colleen; Shah, Priti; Adar, Eytan – Grantee Submission, 2020
Learning from text is a "constructive" activity in which sentence-level information is combined by the reader to build coherent mental models. With increasingly complex texts, forming a mental model becomes challenging due to a lack of background knowledge, and limits in working memory and attention. To address this, we are taught…
Descriptors: Visual Aids, Natural Language Processing, Reading Strategies, Educational Technology
Cai, Zhiqiang; Hu, Xiangen; Graesser, Arthur C. – Grantee Submission, 2019
Conversational Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) are expensive to develop. While simple online courseware could be easily authored by teachers, the authoring of conversational ITSs usually involves a team of experts with different expertise, including domain experts, linguists, instruction designers, programmers, artists, computer scientists,…
Descriptors: Programming, Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Courseware, Educational Technology
Lynette Hazelton; Jessica Nastal; Norbert Elliot; Jill Burstein; Daniel F. McCaffrey – Grantee Submission, 2021
In writing studies research, automated writing evaluation technology is typically examined for a specific, often narrow purpose: to evaluate a particular writing improvement measure, to mine data for changes in writing performance, or to demonstrate the effectiveness of a single technology and accompanying validity arguments. This article adopts a…
Descriptors: Formative Evaluation, Writing Evaluation, Automation, Natural Language Processing
McNamara, Danielle S. – Grantee Submission, 2021
An overarching motivation driving my research has been to further our theoretical understanding of how readers successfully comprehend challenging text. This article describes the theoretical origins of this research program and my quest to understand comprehension processes through the use of technology. Coh-Metrix was developed to measure, and…
Descriptors: Educational Research, Reading Comprehension, Difficulty Level, Educational Technology
Dascalu, Maria-Dorinela; Ruseti, Stefan; Dascalu, Mihai; McNamara, Danielle S.; Carabas, Mihai; Rebedea, Traian – Grantee Submission, 2021
The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the entire world, while the impact and usage of online learning environments has greatly increased. This paper presents a new version of the ReaderBench framework, grounded in Cohesion Network Analysis, which can be used to evaluate the online activity of students as a plug-in feature to Moodle. A Recurrent Neural…
Descriptors: COVID-19, Pandemics, Integrated Learning Systems, School Closing
Mihai Dascalu; Scott A. Crossley; Danielle S. McNamara; Philippe Dessus; Stefan Trausan-Matu – Grantee Submission, 2018
A critical task for tutors is to provide learners with suitable reading materials in terms of difficulty. The challenge of this endeavor is increased by students' individual variability and the multiple levels in which complexity can vary, thus arguing for the necessity of automated systems to support teachers. This chapter describes…
Descriptors: Reading Materials, Difficulty Level, Natural Language Processing, Artificial Intelligence
Danielle S. McNamara; Laura K. Allen; Scott A. Crossley; Mihai Dascalu; Cecile A. Perret – Grantee Submission, 2017
Language is of central importance to the field of education because it is a conduit for communicating and understanding information. Therefore, researchers in the field of learning analytics can benefit from methods developed to analyze language both accurately and efficiently. Natural language processing (NLP) techniques can provide such an…
Descriptors: Natural Language Processing, Learning Analytics, Educational Technology, Automation