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Johns, Brendan T.; Jones, Michael N.; Mewhort, D. J. K. – Grantee Submission, 2019
To account for natural variability in cognitive processing, it is standard practice to optimize a model's parameters by fitting it to behavioral data. Although most language-related theories acknowledge a large role for experience in language processing, variability reflecting that knowledge is usually ignored when evaluating a model's fit to…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Models, Information Sources, Linguistics
Levine, Dani; Pace, Amy; Luo, Rufan; Hirsh-Pasek, Kathy; Golinkoff, Roberta Michnick; de Villiers, Jill; Igesias, Aquiles; Wilson, Mary Sweig – Grantee Submission, 2020
Early language competence is a reliable and powerful predictor of children's success in school, and word gaps linked to socioeconomic status disparities have cascading effects on academic outcomes. While early research -- such as the work of Hart and Risley (1995) -- focused on gaps in vocabulary, growing evidence reveals wide gaps in syntax as…
Descriptors: Language Skills, Socioeconomic Status, Screening Tests, Social Differences
Taboada Barber, Ana; Klauda, Susan Lutz; Stapleton, Laura – Grantee Submission, 2020
Previous studies offer mixed evidence regarding whether a unified model of reading comprehension predictors applies to Dual Language Learners (DLLs) and English Speakers (ESs), or whether distinctive models across language groups are empirically supported. The present study adds another dimension to this body of work by examining multiple reading…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Bilingualism, Reading Motivation, Predictor Variables
Lederberg, Amy R.; Branum-Martin, Lee; Webb, Mi-young; Schick, Brenda; Antia, Shirin; Easterbrooks, Susan R.; Connor, Carol MacDonald – Grantee Submission, 2019
Better understanding of the mechanisms underlying early reading skills can lead to improved interventions. Hence, the purpose of this study was to examine multivariate associations among reading, language, spoken phonological awareness, and fingerspelling abilities for three groups of deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) beginning readers: those who…
Descriptors: Reading Skills, Finger Spelling, Kindergarten, Grade 1