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T. S. Kutaka; P. Chernyavskiy; J. Sarama; D. H. Clements – Grantee Submission, 2023
Investigators often rely on the proportion of correct responses in an assessment when describing the impact of early mathematics interventions on child outcomes. Here, we propose a shift in focus to the relative sophistication of problem-solving strategies and offer methodological guidance to researchers interested in working with strategies. We…
Descriptors: Learning Trajectories, Problem Solving, Mathematics Instruction, Early Intervention
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Pavel Chernyavskiy; Traci S. Kutaka; Carson Keeter; Julie Sarama; Douglas Clements – Grantee Submission, 2024
When researchers code behavior that is undetectable or falls outside of the validated ordinal scale, the resultant outcomes often suffer from informative missingness. Incorrect analysis of such data can lead to biased arguments around efficacy and effectiveness in the context of experimental and intervention research. Here, we detail a new…
Descriptors: Bayesian Statistics, Mathematics Instruction, Learning Trajectories, Item Response Theory
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Jennifer G. Cromley; Runzhi Chen – Grantee Submission, 2024
Visual displays, such as illustrated web pages, animations, and simulations, can both aid and pose challenges for learners. The first generation of educational research on visuals focused on the basic processes underlying comprehension. A second generation of research tested various instructional supports for visual displays, and this research was…
Descriptors: Literature Reviews, Educational Research, Visual Aids, Outcomes of Education
Tricia A. Guerrero; Thomas D. Griffin; Jennifer Wiley – Grantee Submission, 2022
Students often struggle with developing understanding from expository science texts. This study explored whether training students to engage in a POE (Predict-Observe-Explain) study strategy might be beneficial when learning from texts that introduce theories by describing experiments and empirical results, a common style in social science…
Descriptors: Prediction, Theories, Psychology, Textbooks
Natalie Brezack; Sarah Pan; Jessica Chandler; Amanda L. Woodward – Grantee Submission, 2023
From early in life, children learn to perform actions on the objects in their environments. Although children learn from observing others' actions, actively engaging with the material to be learned can be important for learning. This study tested whether instruction that included opportunities for children to be active supported toddlers' action…
Descriptors: Toddlers, Child Behavior, Modeling (Psychology), Observational Learning
Peng Peng; H. Lee Swanson – Grantee Submission, 2022
Converging evidence suggests that traditional domain-general working memory (WM) training does not have reliable far-transfer effects, but produces reliable, modest near-transfer effects on structurally similar untrained tasks. Given the critical role of WM in academic development, WM training that incorporates task-specific features may maximize…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Academic Achievement, Outcomes of Education, Models
Jenny Yun-Chen Chan; Erin R. Ottmar; Ji-Eun Lee – Grantee Submission, 2022
We examined the influences of pre-solving pause time, algebraic knowledge, mathematics self-efficacy, and mathematics anxiety on middle-schoolers' strategy efficiency in an algebra learning game. We measured strategy efficiency using (a) the number of steps taken to complete a problem; (b) the proportion of problems completed on the initial…
Descriptors: Problem Solving, Algebra, Self Efficacy, Mathematics Anxiety
Carrazza, Cristina; Wakefield, Elizabeth M.; Hemani-Lopez, Naureen; Plath, Kristin; Goldin-Meadow, Susan – Grantee Submission, 2021
It is well established that gesture facilitates learning, but understanding the best way to harness gesture and "how" gesture helps learners are still open questions. Here, we consider one of the properties that may make gesture a powerful teaching tool: its temporal alignment with spoken language. Previous work shows that the…
Descriptors: Child Language, Verbal Communication, Nonverbal Communication, Mathematical Concepts
Lee, Ji-Eun; Hornburg, Caroline Byrd; Chan, Jenny Yun-Chen; Ottmar, Erin – Grantee Submission, 2021
We investigated the effects of proximal grouping of numbers, problem-solving goals to make 100, and prior knowledge on students' solution strategies in an online mathematics game. Logistic regression on 857 problem-level data points from 227 middle-school students showed that students were more likely to use productive solution strategies on…
Descriptors: Mathematics Instruction, Teaching Methods, Middle School Students, Computer Games
Zucker, Tricia A.; Cabell, Sonia Q.; Pico, Danielle L. – Grantee Submission, 2021
Developing young children's vocabulary is essential for later reading success; thus, early childhood classrooms require a comprehensive vocabulary approach that teaches academic vocabulary. Yet even providing young children with child-friendly definitions of sophisticated words can be a challenge. First, the authors outline the components of a…
Descriptors: Vocabulary Development, Early Childhood Education, Definitions, Academic Language
Kathleen Lynne Lane; Wendy Peia Oakes; Holly M. Menzies – Grantee Submission, 2023
In this introductory article, we explain the rationale for this special issue: to provide educators and families with effective, practical strategies to increase student engagement and minimize disruption in remote, in person, and hybrid learning environments. We offer this special issue out of respect for the complexities educators and families…
Descriptors: COVID-19, Pandemics, Distance Education, Blended Learning
Wu, Sally P. W.; Corr, Jainaba; Rau, Martina A. – Grantee Submission, 2019
Instructors in STEM classrooms often frame students' interactions with technologies to help them learn content. For instance, in many STEM domains, instructors commonly help students translate physical 3D models into 2D drawings by prompting them to focus on (a) orienting physical 3D models and (b) generating 2D drawings. We investigate whether…
Descriptors: Educational Technology, STEM Education, Teaching Methods, Learning Strategies
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Nagashima, Tomohiro; Bartel, Anna N.; Yadav, Gautam; Tseng, Stephanie; Vest, Nicholas A.; Silla, Elena M.; Alibali, Martha W.; Aleven, Vincent – Grantee Submission, 2021
Prior research shows that self-explanation promotes understanding by helping learners connect new knowledge with prior knowledge. However, despite ample evidence supporting the effectiveness of self-explanation, an instructional design challenge emerges in how best to scaffold self-explanation. In particular, it is an open challenge to design…
Descriptors: Teaching Methods, Mathematics Instruction, Algebra, Middle School Students
Walkington, Candace; Chelule, Geoffrey; Woods, Dawn; Nathan, Mitchell J. – Grantee Submission, 2019
Gestures have been shown to play a key role in mathematical reasoning and to be an indicator that mathematical understanding is "embodied" -- inherently linked to action, perception, and the physical body. As learners collaborate and engage in mathematical discussions, they use discourse practices like explaining, refuting, and building…
Descriptors: Nonverbal Communication, Mathematics Instruction, Learning Strategies, Discussion (Teaching Technique)
Judith Uchidiuno; Evelyn Yarzebinski; Emily Keebler; Kenneth Koedinger; Amy Ogan – Grantee Submission, 2019
Tablet-based educational technologies provide a supplement to traditional classroom-based early literacy education, especially in regions with limited schooling resources. Prior work has probed how children generally interact with and learn from these technologies, however, there is limited research on student engagement with applications that…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Emergent Literacy, Educational Technology, Technology Uses in Education
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