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Dongho Shin; Yongyun Shin; Nao Hagiwara – Grantee Submission, 2025
We consider Bayesian estimation of a hierarchical linear model (HLM) from partially observed data, assumed to be missing at random, and small sample sizes. A vector of continuous covariates C includes cluster-level partially observed covariates with interaction effects. Due to small sample sizes from 37 patient-physician encounters repeatedly…
Descriptors: Bayesian Statistics, Hierarchical Linear Modeling, Multivariate Analysis, Data Analysis

Dongho Shin – Grantee Submission, 2024
We consider Bayesian estimation of a hierarchical linear model (HLM) from small sample sizes. The continuous response Y and covariates C are partially observed and assumed missing at random. With C having linear effects, the HLM may be efficiently estimated by available methods. When C includes cluster-level covariates having interactive or other…
Descriptors: Bayesian Statistics, Computation, Hierarchical Linear Modeling, Data Analysis
Keller, Brian T. – Grantee Submission, 2021
In this paper, we provide an introduction to the factored regression framework. This modeling framework applies the rules of probability to break up or "factor" a complex joint distribution into a product of conditional regression models. Using this framework, we can easily specify the complex multivariate models that missing data…
Descriptors: Regression (Statistics), Models, Multivariate Analysis, Computation
Qu, Wen; Liu, Haiyan; Zhang, Zhiyong – Grantee Submission, 2020
In social and behavioral sciences, data are typically not normally distributed, which can invalidate hypothesis testing and lead to unreliable results when being analyzed by methods developed for normal data. The existing methods of generating multivariate non-normal data typically create data according to specific univariate marginal measures…
Descriptors: Social Science Research, Multivariate Analysis, Statistical Distributions, Monte Carlo Methods
Qu, Wen; Liu, Haiyan; Zhang, Zhiyong – Grantee Submission, 2020
In social and behavioral sciences, data are typically not normally distributed, which can invalidate hypothesis testing and lead to unreliable results when being analyzed by methods developed for normal data. The existing methods of generating multivariate non-normal data typically create data according to specific univariate marginal measures…
Descriptors: Social Science Research, Statistical Distributions, Multivariate Analysis, Monte Carlo Methods
Tong, Xin; Zhang, Zhiyong – Grantee Submission, 2017
Growth curve models are widely used for investigating growth and change phenomena. Many studies in social and behavioral sciences have demonstrated that data without any outlying observation are rather an exception, especially for data collected longitudinally. Ignoring the existence of outlying observations may lead to inaccurate or even…
Descriptors: Observation, Models, Statistical Distributions, Monte Carlo Methods
Cain, Meghan K.; Zhang, Zhiyong; Yuan, Ke-Hai – Grantee Submission, 2017
Nonnormality of univariate data has been extensively examined previously (Blanca et al., 2013; Micceri, 1989). However, less is known of the potential nonnormality of multivariate data although multivariate analysis is commonly used in psychological and educational research. Using univariate and multivariate skewness and kurtosis as measures of…
Descriptors: Multivariate Analysis, Probability, Statistical Distributions, Psychological Studies
Kropko, Jonathan; Goodrich, Ben; Gelman, Andrew; Hill, Jennifer – Grantee Submission, 2014
We consider the relative performance of two common approaches to multiple imputation (MI): joint multivariate normal (MVN) MI, in which the data are modeled as a sample from a joint MVN distribution; and conditional MI, in which each variable is modeled conditionally on all the others. In order to use the multivariate normal distribution,…
Descriptors: Statistical Analysis, Multivariate Analysis, Accuracy, Data