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Marta K. Mielicki; Charles J. Fitzsimmons; Lauren K. Schiller; Dan Scheibe; Jennifer M. Taber; Pooja G. Sidney; Percival G. Matthews; Erika A. Waters; Karin G. Coifman; Clarissa A. Thompson – Grantee Submission, 2022
Visual displays, such as icon arrays and risk ladders, are often used to communicate numerical health information. Number lines improve reasoning with rational numbers but are seldom used in health contexts. College students solved ratio problems related to COVID-19 (e.g., number of deaths and number of cases) in one of four randomly-assigned…
Descriptors: Visual Aids, Health, Decision Making, Number Concepts
Chan, Jenny Yun-Chen; Smith, Hannah; Closser, Avery H.; Drzewiecki, Katharine C.; Ottmar, Erin R. – Grantee Submission, 2021
Numbers and variables often follow the same principles of arithmetic operations, yet numbers can be computed to a value whereas variables cannot. We examined the effect of symbols--numbers versus variables--on middle school students' problem-solving behaviors in a dynamic algebra notation system by presenting problems in numbers (e.g., 3+5-3) or…
Descriptors: Symbols (Mathematics), Numbers, Middle School Students, Mathematics Instruction
Jenny Yun-Chen Chan; Erin R. Ottmar; Hannah Smith; Avery H. Closser – Grantee Submission, 2022
To efficiently solve mathematical expressions and equations, students need to notice the systemic structure of mathematical expressions (e.g., inverse relation between 3 and 3 in 3 + 5 - 3). We examined how symbols--specifically variables versus numbers--and students' algebraic knowledge impacted seventh graders' problem-solving strategies and use…
Descriptors: Problem Solving, Algebra, Symbols (Mathematics), Knowledge Level
Mielicki, Marta K.; Fitzsimmons, Charles J.; Woodbury, Lauren H.; Marshal, Hannah; Zhang, Dake; Rivera, Ferdinand D.; Thompson, Clarissa A. – Grantee Submission, 2021
Prior work exploring preschool-aged children's reasoning with repeating patterns has shown that patterning ability is an important predictor of math achievement; however, there is limited research exploring older children's growing pattern task performance. The current study tested whether presentation format impacts performance on growing pattern…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Mathematics Skills, Number Concepts, Word Problems (Mathematics)
Sidney, Pooja; Thompson, Clarissa G.; Opfer, John E. – Grantee Submission, 2019
Children's understanding of fractions, including their symbols, concepts, and arithmetic procedures, is an important facet of both developmental research on mathematics cognition and mathematics education. Research on infants', children's, and adults' fraction and ratio reasoning allows us to test a range of proposals about the development of…
Descriptors: Mathematics Instruction, Mathematical Concepts, Concept Formation, Fractions
Clarissa A. Thompson; Jennifer M. Taber; Pooja G. Sidney; Charles J. Fitzsimmons; Marta K. Mielicki; Percival G. Matthews; Erika A. Schemmel; Nicolle Simonovic; Jeremy L. Foust; Pallavi Aurora; David J. Disabato; T. H. Stanley Seah; Lauren K. Schiller; Karin G. Coifman – Grantee Submission, 2021
At the onset of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) global pandemic, our interdisciplinary team hypothesized that a mathematical misconception--whole number bias (WNB)--contributed to beliefs that COVID-19 was less fatal than the flu. We created a brief online educational intervention for adults, leveraging evidence-based cognitive science…
Descriptors: COVID-19, Pandemics, Cognitive Processes, Logical Thinking
Lee, Ji-Eun; Hornburg, Caroline Byrd; Chan, Jenny Yun-Chen; Ottmar, Erin – Grantee Submission, 2021
We investigated the effects of proximal grouping of numbers, problem-solving goals to make 100, and prior knowledge on students' solution strategies in an online mathematics game. Logistic regression on 857 problem-level data points from 227 middle-school students showed that students were more likely to use productive solution strategies on…
Descriptors: Mathematics Instruction, Teaching Methods, Middle School Students, Computer Games